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Vibrational Motion of Arctic Pack Ice,
1997Abstract : There are many physical mechanisms responsible for vibrations of sea, and they force motions in a very wide band of frequencies from less than 0.01 Hz to greater than 100 Hz. Detailed measurements of the vertical velocity in this frequency band were previously shown to be produced by gravity waves, ridging events and wind turbulence. In this
Zandy Williams +2 more
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Pack-ice studies in the Arctic Ocean
Journal of Geophysical Research, 1959The annual stratification of pack ice has been examined. Summer layers are formed either by arrested growth or by thin layers of fresh-water ice. The crystal structure and the salt content of the ice reflect the seasonal cycle. During the growth of ice a pronounced orientation of crystalline structure develops; it is determined by vertical as well as ...
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Sea-ice algae in Arctic pack ice during late winter
Polar Biology, 2007Pack ice around Svalbard was sampled during the expedition ARK XIX/1 of RV “Polarstern” (March–April 2003) in order to determine environmental conditions, species composition and abundances of sea-ice algae and heterotrophic protists during late winter. As compared to other seasons, species diversity of algae (total 40 taxa) was not low, but abundances
Iris Werner +2 more
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Underwater Backscattering Strengths of Arctic Pack Ice
The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 1964The backscattering strengths under Arctic sea ice for octave bands between 12 cps and 4 kc/sec were measured, using explosive sound sources. The measurements were made from a camp established in April 1962 on broken and pressure-packed one-year ice over the Canada Deep.
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Low‐frequency vibrational motion of Arctic pack ice
Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, 1992The mechanisms responsible for vibrational motions of Arctic ice at frequencies below about 100 Hz are know to be a combination of wave types, namely, gravity waves, flexural waves, and a variety of acoustic and/or elastic waves. Surface motion measurements using geophones and accelerometers on multiyear pack ice are used to establish the energy level ...
J. P. Dugan, R. L. DiMarco, W. W. Martin
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Near-Field Ice Management Tactics for Floating Drilling in Arctic Pack Ice
Arctic Technology Conference, 2016Abstract In order to be economically viable, Arctic floating drilling in high concentration pack ice requires very high confidence that ice interaction does not lead to costly, unanticipated emergency disconnections of the rig from the well.
Jed Hamilton +6 more
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The Effect of Tensile Strength in the Arctic Ice Pack
2001The ice pack covering northern seas is composed of an aggregate of thick ridged and rafted ice, undeformed ice, and open water. Existing ice-ocean models of the Arctic ice pack are large-scale continuum models that use a plastic yield surface to characterize the constitutive behavior of the pack. An alternative approach, which captures far more detail,
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The effects of individual ridging events on the ice thickness distribution in the Arctic ice pack
Cold Regions Science and Technology, 1996Abstract The sea ice thickness distribution in the polar oceans evolves in response to both dynamic and thermodynamic forcing. The variable thickness of the ice cover is created by deformation, that simultaneously causes formation of thick ice through ridge building and thin ice through lead creation.
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Temporal Variability of the Energy Balance of Thick Arctic Pack Ice
Journal of Climate, 1998Abstract The temporal variability of the six terms of the energy balance equation for a slab of ice 3 m thick is calculated based on 45 yr of surface meteorological observations from the drifting ice stations of the former Soviet Union. The equation includes net radiation, sensible heat flux, latent heat flux, bottom heat flux, heat storage, and energy
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Melting, freezing and dynamics of Arctic sea ice: pack ice versus marginal ice zone
As the summer Arctic sea ice extent has retreated, the marginal ice zone (MIZ) is becoming a larger fraction of the ice cover. The MIZ is defined as the region of the ice cover that is influenced by waves and for convenience here is defined as the region of the ice cover between sea ice concentrations (SIC) of 15 % to 80 %.We use model simulations to ...Daniel Feltham +3 more
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