Results 21 to 30 of about 6,438 (242)

Attack-defense trees

Journal of Logic and Computation, 2012
Attack-defense trees are a novel methodology for graphical security modelling and assessment. They extend the well- known formalism of attack trees by allowing nodes that represent defensive measures to appear at any level of the tree. This enlarges the modelling capabilities of attack trees and makes the new formalism suitable for representing ...
Barbara Kordy, Sjouke Mauw, Sasa Radomirovic, Patrick Schweitzer   +3 more
openaire   +5 more sources

A Minimum Defense Cost Calculation Method for Attack Defense Trees [PDF]

Security and Communication Networks, 2020
The cyberphysical system (CPS) is becoming the infrastructure of society. Unfortunately, the CPS is vulnerable to cyberattacks, which may cause environmental pollution, property losses, and even casualties. Furthermore, in contrast to the conventional Internet, the devices in CPSs are more specific, and the device systems may not be upgraded or ...
Bingfeng Xu, Zhicheng Zhong 0003, Gaofeng He   +2 more
openaire   +1 more source

Systemic Acquired Resistance-Mediated Control of Pine Wilt Disease by Foliar Application With Methyl Salicylate

Frontiers in Plant Science, 2022
Pine wilt disease (PWD), caused by the pinewood nematode, is the most destructive disease in pine forest ecosystems worldwide. Extensive research has been done on PWD, but effective disease management is yet to be devised.
Hee Won Jeon, Ae Ran Park, Minjeong Sung, Namgyu Kim, Mohamed Mannaa, Gil Han, Junheon Kim, Yeonjong Koo, Young-Su Seo, Jin-Cheol Kim   +9 more
doaj   +1 more source

Quantitative Questions on Attack–Defense Trees [PDF]

, 2013
Attack-defense trees are a novel methodology for graphical security modeling and assessment. The methodology includes visual, intuitive tree models whose analysis is supported by a rigorous mathematical formalism. Both, the intuitive and the formal components of the approach can be used for quantitative analysis of attack-defense scenarios. In practice,
Barbara Kordy, Sjouke Mauw, Patrick Schweitzer   +2 more
openaire   +4 more sources

Comparison of Individual Sensors in the Electronic Nose for Stress Detection in Forest Stands

Sensors, 2023
Forests are increasingly exposed to natural disturbances, including drought, wildfires, pest outbreaks, and windthrow events. Due to prolonged droughts in the last years in Europe, European forest stands significantly lost vitality, and their health ...
Tereza Hüttnerová, Sebastian Paczkowski, Tarek Neubert, Anna Jirošová, Peter Surový   +4 more
doaj   +1 more source

Localization of (+)-Catechin in Picea abies Phloem: Responses to Wounding and Fungal Inoculation

Molecules, 2020
To understand the positional and temporal defense mechanisms of coniferous tree bark at the tissue and cellular levels, the phloem topochemistry and structural properties were examined after artificially induced bark defense reactions.
Tuula Jyske, Katsushi Kuroda, Susanna Keriö, Andrey Pranovich, Riikka Linnakoski, Noriko Hayashi, Dan Aoki, Kazuhiko Fukushima   +7 more
doaj   +1 more source

A test of the Geographic Mosaic Theory of Coevolution: investigating widespread species of Amazonian Protium (Burseraceae) trees, their chemical defenses, and their associated herbivore faunas

Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution, 2023
IntroductionPlants and their insect herbivores represent a large fraction of the species in Amazonian forests and are often directly implicated in the origin and maintenance of biodiversity at local and regional scales.
Paul V. A. Fine, Paul V. A. Fine, Fabricio Beggiato Baccaro, John Lokvam, Italo Mesones, Magno Vásquez Pilco, J. Milagros Ayarza Zuñiga, Emerson Merkel, Marcelle Sanches, Carlos A. Nogueira, Diego Salazar   +10 more
doaj   +1 more source

Resin acids play key roles in shaping microbial communities during degradation of spruce bark

Nature Communications, 2023
The bark is the outermost defense of trees against microbial attack, largely thanks to toxicity and prevalence of extractive compounds. Nevertheless, bark decomposes in nature, though by which species and mechanisms remains unknown.
Amanda Sörensen Ristinmaa, Albert Tafur Rangel, Alexander Idström, Sebastian Valenzuela, Eduard J. Kerkhoven, Phillip B. Pope, Merima Hasani, Johan Larsbrink   +7 more
doaj   +1 more source

An Attack-Defense Tree on e-Exam System

International Journal of Emerging Technologies in Learning (iJET), 2019
The electronic-examination (e-exam) system is not only transforming the paper-based examination to the electronic-based examination. The e-exam system has a big security challenge that must be resolved to guarantee the trust of its users. This paper aims at analyzing security challenges of an e-exam system and proposing a solution using Attack and ...
Yusep Rosmansyah, Mora Hertanto Ritonga, Ariq Bani Hardi   +2 more
openaire   +2 more sources

The Road to Resistance in Forest Trees

Frontiers in Plant Science, 2019
In recent years, forests have been exposed to an unprecedented rise in pests and pathogens. This, coupled with the added challenge of climate change, renders forest plantation stock vulnerable to attack and severely limits productivity.
Sanushka Naidoo, Bernard Slippers, Jonathan M. Plett, Donovin Coles, Caryn N. Oates   +4 more
doaj   +1 more source