Results 61 to 70 of about 4,735,813 (292)

Dynamic Local Average Treatment Effects

We consider Dynamic Treatment Regimes (DTRs) with One Sided Noncompliance that arise in applications such as digital recommendations and adaptive medical trials. These are settings where decision makers encourage individuals to take treatments over time, but adapt encouragements based on previous encouragements, treatments, states, and outcomes ...
Sojitra, Ravi B., Syrgkanis, Vasilis
openaire   +2 more sources

From Sample Average Treatment Effect to Population Average Treatment Effect on the Treated: Combining Experimental with Observational Studies to Estimate Population Treatment Effects [PDF]

Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series A: Statistics in Society, 2015
SummaryRandomized controlled trials (RCTs) can provide unbiased estimates of sample average treatment effects. However, a common concern is that RCTs may fail to provide unbiased estimates of population average treatment effects. We derive the assumptions that are required to identify population average treatment effects from RCTs.
Hartman, Erin, Grieve, Richard, Ramsahai, Roland, Sekhon, Jasjeet S.   +3 more
openaire   +2 more sources

Effects of the Fluid Replacement Method During Online Hemodiafiltration on the Solute Removal Performance and Biocompatibility Using the Asymmetric Cellulose Triacetate Membrane

Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis, EarlyView.
ABSTRACT Introduction Pre‐dilution online hemodiafiltration (Pre‐HDF) is predominantly used in Japan, whereas post‐dilution online HDF (Post‐HDF) is more common in Europe. An asymmetric cellulose triacetate (ATA) membrane may improve biocompatibility.
Kenji Sakurai, Yoshitaka Kurihara, Fumi Yamauchi, Hiromi Hosoya, Takeshi Saito   +4 more
wiley   +1 more source

Adaptive-TMLE for the average treatment effect based on randomized controlled trial augmented with real-world data

Journal of Causal Inference
We consider the problem of estimating the average treatment effect (ATE) when both randomized control trial (RCT) data and external real-world data (RWD) are available.
van der Laan Mark, Qiu Sky, Tarp Jens Magelund, van der Laan Lars   +3 more
doaj   +1 more source

Linear Estimation of Global Average Treatment Effects

SSRN Electronic Journal
We study the problem of estimating the average causal effect of treating every member of a population, as opposed to none, using an experiment that treats only some. We consider settings where spillovers have global support and decay slowly with (a generalized notion of) distance.
Faridani, Stefan, Niehaus, Paul
openaire   +2 more sources

A Consistent Variance Estimator for 2SLS When Instruments Identify Different LATEs

, 2018
Under treatment effect heterogeneity, an instrument identifies the instrument-specific local average treatment effect (LATE). With multiple instruments, two-stage least squares (2SLS) estimand is a weighted average of different LATEs.
Lee, Seojeong
core   +1 more source

Organoids in pediatric cancer research

FEBS Letters, EarlyView.
Organoid technology has revolutionized cancer research, yet its application in pediatric oncology remains limited. Recent advances have enabled the development of pediatric tumor organoids, offering new insights into disease biology, treatment response, and interactions with the tumor microenvironment.
Carla Ríos Arceo, Jarno Drost
wiley   +1 more source

Estimating Average Treatment Effects With Support Vector Machines

Statistics in Medicine
ABSTRACTSupport vector machine (SVM) is one of the most popular classification algorithms in the machine learning literature. We demonstrate that SVM can be used to balance covariates and estimate average causal effects under the unconfoundedness assumption.
Alexander Tarr, Kosuke Imai
openaire   +3 more sources

Estimation of Average Treatment Effects Based on Propensity Scores [PDF]

The Stata Journal: Promoting communications on statistics and Stata, 2002
In this paper, we give a short overview of some propensity score matching estimators suggested in the evaluation literature, and we provide a set of Stata programs, which we illustrate using the National Supported Work (NSW) demonstration widely known in labor economics.
Sascha O. Becker, Andrea Ichino
openaire   +3 more sources

Reciprocal control of viral infection and phosphoinositide dynamics

FEBS Letters, EarlyView.
Phosphoinositides, although scarce, regulate key cellular processes, including membrane dynamics and signaling. Viruses exploit these lipids to support their entry, replication, assembly, and egress. The central role of phosphoinositides in infection highlights phosphoinositide metabolism as a promising antiviral target.
Marie Déborah Bancilhon, Bruno Mesmin
wiley   +1 more source