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Clinical use of non-a botulinum toxins: Botulinum toxin type C and botulinum toxin type F

Neurotoxicity Research, 2006
Botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) serotype A is commonly used in the treatment of focal dystonia, but some patients are primarily or become secondarily resistant to it. Consequently, other serotypes have to be used when immuno-resistance is proven. In the literature, patients with focal dystonia have been treated with BoNT serotype F with clinical benefit ...
ELEOPRA R   +5 more
openaire   +3 more sources

Complications of Botulinum Toxin Type A

Facial Plastic Surgery Clinics of North America, 2007
Introduced over 30 years ago for the treatment of strabismus and blepharospasm, botulinum toxin type A (BTX-A) now has established uses for various therapeutic and cosmetic purposes. Although remarkably safe and effective, BTX-A is a potent toxin. Complications can occur, particularly when used by the inexperienced injectors.
Jean, Carruthers, Alastair, Carruthers
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Neurophysiological effects of botulinum toxin type a

Neurotoxicity Research, 2006
Botulinum toxin type A (BoNT-A) acts peripherally by inhibiting acetylcholine release from the presynaptic neuromuscular terminals, thus weakening muscle contraction, and its clinical benefit depends primarily on the toxin's peripheral action. In addition to acting directly at the neuromuscular junction, the toxin alters sensory inputs to the central ...
ABBRUZZESE, GIOVANNI, BERARDELLI A.
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Botulinum toxin in tension-type headache

Journal of Neurology, 2004
Despite the controversy regarding specific mechanism of botulinum toxin action in pain relief, clinical results suggest that botulinum toxin type A may be promising treatment options for patients with primary chronic headache. To investigate this, we included sixteen patients with chronic tension-type headache in a prospective double blind, placebo ...
Telarović, Srđana, Relja, Maja
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Botulinum toxin type A for facial wrinkles

Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 2021
Botulinum toxin type A (BontA) is the most frequent treatment for facial wrinkles, but its effectiveness and safety have not previously been assessed in a Cochrane Review.To assess the effects of all commercially available botulinum toxin type A products for the treatment of any type of facial wrinkles.We searched the following databases up to May 2020:
Cristina Pires, Camargo   +6 more
openaire   +2 more sources

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