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First national mapping of cadmium in cacao beans in Colombia.
Science of the Total EnvironmentCacao crops in Colombia play a fundamental role in its economy. Cacao bean exports have a rising tendency due to increased area and production. However, cadmium (Cd) in cacao beans has affected market in Colombia.
Daniel Bravo +9 more
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Cocoa-laden cadmium threatens human health and cacao economy: A critical view.
Science of the Total Environment, 2020In the recent decades, Cd burden in cocoa-based products threatened global food safety, human health and the future of chocolateries. Increased Cd bioavailability is an acute problem in cacao-based horticulture.
N. R. Maddela +5 more
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1989
Cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) is an understory tree, 4 to 9 m in height, native to the upper Amazonian forest (Cobley and Steele 1977). A member of the Sterculiaceae, it produces flowers and fruit directly from the stem (Fig. 1), with each fruit containing up to 40 seeds.
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Cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) is an understory tree, 4 to 9 m in height, native to the upper Amazonian forest (Cobley and Steele 1977). A member of the Sterculiaceae, it produces flowers and fruit directly from the stem (Fig. 1), with each fruit containing up to 40 seeds.
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Cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) Breeding
2019The suboptimal productivity in cocoa farmers’ fields, particularly those of small-holders who produce over 80% of the global supply, and the demand for cocoa that meets stringent quality and flavor criteria necessitate enhanced breeding methods and outcomes.
Frances Bekele, Wilbert Phillips-Mora
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The Criollo cacao tree (Theobroma cacao L.): a review [PDF]
Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution, 2017 In commercial terms, Criollo cacao trees (Theobroma cacao L.) are reputed to be the source of the commercial product (fermented and dried cocoa beans), which sells for the best price on the market. Nevertheless, the term “Criollo” has numerous meanings and interpretations depending on if it is used by commercial users or botanists, growers or breeders.
P. Lachenaud, J. C. Motamayor
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1992
Ce chapitre du manuel IFA de fertilisation consacré au cacaoyer présente, après quelques rappels sur la culture, les valeurs des besoins nutritionnels moyens des plantes en pépinière et en champ (plants jeunes, en début de production et adultes) et des exportations minérales par les fèves sèches (fève et coque), les données d'analyse de feuille ...
Snoeck, Jacques, Jadin, Pierre
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Ce chapitre du manuel IFA de fertilisation consacré au cacaoyer présente, après quelques rappels sur la culture, les valeurs des besoins nutritionnels moyens des plantes en pépinière et en champ (plants jeunes, en début de production et adultes) et des exportations minérales par les fèves sèches (fève et coque), les données d'analyse de feuille ...
Snoeck, Jacques, Jadin, Pierre
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Role of fermentation and microbes in cacao fermentation and their impact on cacao quality
Systems Microbiology and Biomanufacturing, 2023Biruk Hirko +2 more
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Somatic Embryogenesis in Cacao (Theobroma cacao)
1995The seeds of the cacao tree, Theobroma cacao L. (Sterculiaceae), provide the basis of the multibillion dollar chocolate industry. A native of the Neotropics, cacao grows as an understory tree in the rainforest. Flowers and fruit are produced directly from the stem, with pods attaining lengths of approximately 15–25 cm, each containing 30–40 seeds ...
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