Results 41 to 50 of about 155,351 (242)

Implications of Minimum Description Length for Adversarial Attack in Natural Language Processing

Entropy
Investigating causality to establish novel criteria for training robust natural language processing (NLP) models is an active research area. However, current methods face various challenges such as the difficulties in identifying keyword lexicons and ...
Kshitiz Tiwari, Lu Zhang
doaj   +1 more source

Persistence of Causal Illusions After Extensive Training

Frontiers in Psychology, 2019
We carried out an experiment using a conventional causal learning task but extending the number of learning trials participants were exposed to. Participants in the standard training group were exposed to 48 learning trials before being asked about the ...
Itxaso Barberia, Miguel A. Vadillo, Javier Rodríguez-Ferreiro, Javier Rodríguez-Ferreiro   +3 more
doaj   +1 more source

Causal ML: Python package for causal inference machine learning

SoftwareX, 2023
“Causality” is a complex concept that is based on roots in almost all subject areas and aims to answer the “why” question. Causal inference is one of the important branches of causal analysis, which assumes the existence of relationships between ...
Yang Zhao, Qing Liu
doaj   +1 more source

Dual targeting of RET and SRC synergizes in RET fusion‐positive cancer cells

Molecular Oncology, EarlyView.
Despite the strong activity of selective RET tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), resistance of RET fusion‐positive (RET+) lung cancer and thyroid cancer frequently occurs and is mainly driven by RET‐independent bypass mechanisms. Son et al. show that SRC TKIs significantly inhibit PAK and AKT survival signaling and enhance the efficacy of RET TKIs in ...
Juhyeon Son, Lily L. Remsing Rix, Bin Fang, Eric A. Welsh, Nicole V. Bremer, Valentina Foglizzo, Paola Roa, Nickole Sigcha‐Coello, Yi Liao, Eric B. Haura, Alexander Drilon, John M. Koomen, Emiliano Cocco, Uwe Rix   +13 more
wiley   +1 more source

Causal-aware reliability assessment of single-channel EEG for transformer-based sleep staging

Frontiers in Neuroscience
Single-channel EEG-based sleep staging methods are well-suited for wearable applications in home environments, offering a practical solution to reduce the diagnostic burden on clinical institutions and address the growing demand for large-scale sleep ...
Yongkang Hu, Xiangbo Yang, Yunhan Xu, Jingpeng Sun   +3 more
doaj   +1 more source

Next‐generation proteomics improves lung cancer risk prediction

Molecular Oncology, EarlyView.
This is one of very few studies that used prediagnostic blood samples from participants of two large population‐based cohorts. We identified, evaluated, and validated an innovative protein marker model that outperformed an established risk prediction model and criteria employed by low‐dose computed tomography in lung cancer screening trials.
Megha Bhardwaj, Clara Frick, Ben Schöttker, Bernd Holleczek, Hermann Brenner   +4 more
wiley   +1 more source

Instructing participants about the random assignment of patients to treated and non-treated conditions does not diminish causal illusions

Royal Society Open Science
People sometimes perceive causal relationships between non-contingent events. When having to assess the contingency between a putative cause and an outcome, it is vital to ensure that all other causal forces are held constant whether the studied cause is
Ainoa Barreiro, Javier Rodríguez-Ferreiro, Itxaso Barberia   +2 more
doaj   +1 more source

Assessing evidence for a common function of delay in causal learning and reward discounting

Frontiers in Psychology, 2012
Time occupies a central role in both the induction of causal relationships and determining the subjective value of rewards. Delays devalue rewards and also impair learning of relationships between events.
William James Greville, Marc J Buehner
doaj   +1 more source

Dammarenediol II enhances etoposide‐induced apoptosis by targeting O‐GlcNAc transferase and Akt/GSK3β/mTOR signaling in liver cancer

Molecular Oncology, EarlyView.
Etoposide induces DNA damage, activating p53‐dependent apoptosis via caspase‐3/7, which cleaves PARP1. Dammarenediol II enhances this apoptotic pathway by suppressing O‐GlcNAc transferase activity, further decreasing O‐GlcNAcylation. The reduction in O‐GlcNAc levels boosts p53‐driven apoptosis and influences the Akt/GSK3β/mTOR signaling pathway ...
Jaehoon Lee, Byung‐Cheol Han, Gi‐Bang Koo, Jihye Park, Mijin Kwon, Young Bin Park, Jae‐Mun Choi, Seung‐Ho Lee, Sangho Roh   +8 more
wiley   +1 more source

Cause-effect perception in an object place task

Frontiers in Cognition
In this paper, we conducted an exploratory study in virtual reality to investigate whether people can discover causal relations in a realistic sensorimotor context and how such learning is represented at different processing levels (conscious-cognitive ...
Nikolai Bahr, Christoph Zetzsche, Jaime Maldonado, Kerstin Schill   +3 more
doaj   +1 more source