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Urinary excretion kinetics of the metabolite N-methylmalonamic acid (NMMA) after oral dosage of chloromethylisothiazolinone and methylisothiazolinone in human volunteers

open access: yesArchives of Toxicology, 2017
Methylisothiazolinone (MI) as well as the mixture of chloromethylisothiazolinone/methyl-iso-thiazolinone (MCI/MI, 3:1) are widespread biocides used in personal care products with potential consumer exposure. Their use is currently under discussion because of rising rates of skin sensitization against these substances in the general population.
Thomas Schettgen
exaly   +4 more sources
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Study on synergistic effect of ozone and monochloramine on the degradation of chloromethylisothiazolinone biocide

Science of the Total Environment, 2021
In this study, it was found that monochloramine induced the formation of reactive species during ozonation of chloromethylisothiazolinone (CMIT). CMIT was found recalcitrant to chloramine. However, chloramine promoted the degradation of CMIT by ozonation significantly. Hydroxyl radicals contributed most to CMIT degradation (87%) during ozone/chloramine
Nan Huang, Wen-Long Wang, Qianyuan Wu
exaly   +3 more sources

Degradation of chloromethylisothiazolinone antimicrobial by Vacuum-Ultraviolet/Ultraviolet irradiation: Reactive species, degradation pathway and toxicity evaluation

Chemosphere, 2022
Chloromethylisothiazolinone (CMIT) has been extensively used as antimicrobial in cosmetics, detergents, wall paints, and anti-fouling products. To prevent the potential ecological and health risks, the degradation mechanisms and toxicity changes of CMIT by Vacuum-Ultraviolet/Ultraviolet (VUV/UV) irradiation were investigated in this study.
Nan Huang, Wen-Long Wang, Qianyuan Wu
exaly   +3 more sources

Functional and dynamic mitochondrial damage by chloromethylisothiazolinone/methylisothiazolinone (CMIT/MIT) mixture in brain endothelial cell lines and rat cerebrovascular endothelium

Toxicology Letters, 2022
The mixture of 5-chloro-2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one (CMIT, chloromethylisothiazolinone) and 2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one (MIT, methylisothiazolinone) is a commonly used biocide in consumer products. Despite the health issues related to its usage in cosmetics and humidifier disinfectants (HD), understanding its adverse outcome is still limited. Using
Hwan-Cheol Kim   +2 more
exaly   +3 more sources

P26-08: Chloromethylisothiazolinone induces stress granule formation

Toxicology Letters, 2023
S. Lee   +4 more
exaly   +2 more sources

Quantification of a mercapturate metabolite of the biocides methylisothiazolinone and chloromethylisothiazolinone (“M-12”) in human urine using online-SPE-LC/MS/MS†

Analytical Methods, 2021
A first report on a urinary mercapturate metabolite of the biocides methylisothiazolinone and chloromethylisothiazolinone in urine samples of the general population.
Marike Kolossa-Gehring   +2 more
exaly   +3 more sources

A mixture of chloromethylisothiazolinone and methylisothiazolinone impairs rat vascular smooth muscle by depleting thiols and thereby elevating cytosolic Zn2+ and generating reactive oxygen species

Archives of Toxicology, 2020
Chloromethylisothiazolinone (CMIT) and methylisothiazolinone (MIT) are biocidal preservatives and the active ingredients in Kathon CG, which contains ca. 1.5% mixture of CMIT and MIT at a ratio of 3:1 (CMIT/MIT). CMIT/MIT was misused as humidifier disinfectant products, which caused serious health problems in Korea.
Heechul Ahn, Junichi Nakai, Moo-Yeol Lee
exaly   +3 more sources

Translational toxicokinetics of chloromethylisothiazolinone/methylisothiazolinone: Radioactivity-associated materials-physiologically based toxicokinetic modeling and human dose extrapolation

Environmental Research
Chloromethylisothiazolinone (CMIT) and methylisothiazolinone (MIT) are widely used biocides in various industrial and household products. Owing to their high reactivity and potential to form multiple metabolites, concerns regarding their human toxicity and health risks have increased.
Yong Joo Park   +2 more
exaly   +3 more sources

Effects of chloromethylisothiazolinone/methylisothiazolinone on cytotoxicity and mitochondrial dysfunction in bronchial epithelial cells

Chemosphere
A mixture of 5-chloro-2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one (CMIT) and 2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one (MIT) is frequently utilized as a biocide in various personal care products (PCP). However, toxicity attributed to this mixture remains poorly understood. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate effects of CMIT/MIT on the respiratory system using human ...
Eunah Lee   +4 more
openaire   +2 more sources

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