Results 11 to 20 of about 1,914 (161)

Population immunity to clade 2.3.4.4b H5N1 is dominated by anti-neuraminidase antibodies [PDF]

mBio
Clade 2.3.4.4b highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N1) viruses continue to expand geographically and across mammalian hosts, raising concern about pandemic potential. The degree and specificity of pre-existing immunity in humans are key determinants of
Gagandeep Singh, Disha Bhavsar, Enikö Hermann, Charles Gleason, Harkirat Singh Sandhu, Parul Singh, Jessica R. Nardulli, Neko Lyttle, Yuexing Chen, Suzana Sabaiduc, Garazi Peña Alzua, Danuta M. Skowronski, Viviana Simon, Florian Krammer   +13 more
doaj   +3 more sources

Avian Influenza Clade 2.3.4.4b: Global Impact and Summary Analysis of Vaccine Trials [PDF]

Vaccines
Background: Avian influenza (AI), caused by orthomyxoviruses, is a globally significant disease affecting avian and non-avian species. It manifests in two variants, according to the two biovariants of the virus differentiated as highly pathogenic avian ...
László Kovács, Máté Farkas, Péter Ferenc Dobra, Georgia Lennon, László Péter Könyves, Miklós Rusvai   +5 more
doaj   +4 more sources

Human monoclonal antibodies that target clade 2.3.4.4b H5N1 hemagglutinin [PDF]

Nature Communications
Abstract The highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 virus clade 2.3.4.4b has been spreading globally since 2022, causing mortality and morbidity in domestic and wild birds and mammals, including infection in humans, raising concerns about its pandemic potential.
Garazi Peña Alzua, André Nicolás León, Temima Yellin, Disha Bhavsar, Madhumathi Loganathan, Kaitlyn Bushfield, Philip J. M. Brouwer, Alesandra J. Rodriguez, Trushar Jeevan, Richard Webby, Christine Marizzi, Julianna Han, Andrew B. Ward, J. Andrew Duty, Florian Krammer   +14 more
openaire   +3 more sources

Infection of ratites with clade 2.3.4.4b HPAIV H5N1: potential implications for zoonotic risk [PDF]

Emerging Microbes & Infections
Abstract We detected H5N1 high pathogenicity avian influenza in captive Greater Rhea ( Rhea americana ). Viral genetic analysis revealed the mammalian associated PB2-E627K mutation, indicating selection of mammalian-relevant mutations in ratites.
Holly A. Coombes, Jacob Terrey, Audra-Lynne Schlachter, Phoebe McCarter, Isabella Regina, Richard Hepple, Natalie McGinn, James Seekings, Jayne Cooper, Benjamin Clifton, Benjamin C. Mollett, Marco Falchieri, Alejandro Nunez, Scott M. Reid, Joe James, Ashley C. Banyard   +15 more
europepmc   +4 more sources

H5N1 Clade 2.3.4.4b: Evolution, Global Spread, and Host Range Expansion [PDF]

Pathogens
Highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses (HPAIVs) of the H5 subtype pose a continuous threat to animal and public health due to their zoonotic potential, rapid evolution, and ability to spread across continents. Since the emergence of the A/goose/Guangdong/1/96 (GsGD) H5 lineage in 1996, several clades have caused devastating outbreaks in poultry and ...
Klaudia Chrzastek, Carolin M. Lieber, Richard K. Plemper   +2 more
openaire   +3 more sources

Emergence and Rapid Spread of a New Reassortant High Pathogenicity H5N1 Clade 2.3.4.4b Avian Influenza Virus in Nigeria [PDF]

Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses, Volume 20, Issue 5, May 2026.
ABSTRACT Over the past two decades, West Africa has experienced recurrent incursions of Goose/Guangdong‐lineage highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) A(H5N1), with Nigeria as a hotspot for repeated introductions and sustained circulation. Since 2021, European‐origin clade 2.3.4.4b H5Nx genotypes, particularly EA‐2020‐C, have predominated in regional
Clement Meseko, Bianca Zecchin, Emilie Wolali Go‐Maro, Marta Dianati, Nicodemus Mkpuma, Bitrus Inuwa, Judith Bakam, Kayode Olawuyi, Dorcas Gado, Edoardo Giussani, Alice Fusaro, Alessio Bortolami, Elisa Palumbo, Calogero Terregino, Isabella Monne   +14 more
wiley   +2 more sources

A Monoclonal Antibody ELISA–Based Assay for Measuring the Potency of Candidate H5 Clade 2.3.4.4b Pandemic Influenza Vaccines [PDF]

Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses, Volume 20, Issue 3, March 2026.
ABSTRACT Background The single radial immunodiffusion (SRID) assay is used to determine the potency of inactivated influenza vaccines. Nevertheless, development of alternative influenza vaccine potency assays with greater sensitivity and less reliance on large quantities of reference reagents is needed.
Marcus Odin, Falko Schmeisser, Jackeline Soto, Jerry P. Weir   +3 more
wiley   +2 more sources

Novel (d)PCR assays for influenza A(H5Nx) viruses clade 2.3.4.4b surveillance [PDF]

Eurosurveillance
BACKGROUND Since March 2024, cases of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) caused by A(H5N1) virus of clade 2.3.4.4b have been reported in dairy cattle in the United States, followed by spillover to avian and other mammalian species including humans. Although human-to-human transmission has not been reported,
Buttinger, Gerhard, Petrillo, Mauro, Valastro, Viviana, Marciano, Sabrina, Crimaudo, Marika, D'Amico, Valeria, Leoni, Gabriele, Seigneuric, Renaud, Paracchini, Valentina, Robouch, Piotr, Lambrecht, Bénédicte, Gawlik, Manfred Bernd, Terregino, Calogero, Veneri, Carolina, La Rosa, Giuseppina, Suffredini, Elisabetta, Querci, Maddalena, Panzarin, Valentina, Marchini, Antonio   +18 more
openaire   +5 more sources

Antigenic Matching of rHVT-H5 via CRISPR/Cas9 Confers Complete Protection Against Novel H5N1 Clade 2.3.4.4b in Chicken [PDF]

Veterinary Sciences
The widespread panzootic of clade 2.3.4.4b highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N1 necessitates the development of vaccine platforms capable of rapid adaptation to emerging antigenic variants.
Sang-Won Kim, Jong-Yeol Park, Ji-Eun Son, Cheng-Dong Yu, Ki-Woong Kim, Won-Bin Jeon, Yu-Ri Choi, Hyung-Kwan Jang, Bai Wei, Min Kang   +9 more
doaj   +2 more sources

Effect of Seasonal Influenza Vaccines on Avian Influenza A(H5N1) Clade 2.3.4.4b Virus Infection in Ferrets [PDF]

Emerging Infectious Diseases
Highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N1) clade 2.3.4.4b viruses have infected >1,000 herds of dairy cattle and hundreds of poultry flocks in the United States since the beginning of 2024.
Xiangjie Sun, Jeeva Subbiah, Jessica A. Belser, Nicole Brock, Shane Gansebom, Zhu-Nan Li, Yu-Jin Jung, Feng Liu, Terrence M. Tumpey, Taronna R. Maines, Min Z. Levine, Ian A. York   +11 more
doaj   +2 more sources