Results 221 to 230 of about 5,484,810 (247)
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Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series B. Biological Sciences, 1979
Abstract It has sometimes been suggested that the term adaptation should be reserved for differences with a known genetic basis. We argue that adaptation should be defined by its effects rather than by its causes as any difference between two phenotypic traits (or trait complexes) which increases the inclusive fitness of its carrier ...
T H, Clutton-Brock, P H, Harvey
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Abstract It has sometimes been suggested that the term adaptation should be reserved for differences with a known genetic basis. We argue that adaptation should be defined by its effects rather than by its causes as any difference between two phenotypic traits (or trait complexes) which increases the inclusive fitness of its carrier ...
T H, Clutton-Brock, P H, Harvey
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Nature Reviews Microbiology, 2003
With the number of published microbial genomes now in excess of 100, any new genome that is sequenced is likely to have a close relative available for comparison. Indeed, it is increasingly difficult to perform any genomic analysis that is not comparative.
Thomson, Nicholas +5 more
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With the number of published microbial genomes now in excess of 100, any new genome that is sequenced is likely to have a close relative available for comparison. Indeed, it is increasingly difficult to perform any genomic analysis that is not comparative.
Thomson, Nicholas +5 more
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Software: Practice and Experience, 1979
AbstractThis paper illustrates a precise method for comparing microcomputer instruction sets for the purpose of language implementation. The standard of comparison is the Concurrent Pascal interpreter for the PDP 11/45 minicomputer. The paper identifies the most frequent virtual instructions and their implementation on the PDP 11/45 computer.
Per Brinch Hansen, Charles Hayden
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AbstractThis paper illustrates a precise method for comparing microcomputer instruction sets for the purpose of language implementation. The standard of comparison is the Concurrent Pascal interpreter for the PDP 11/45 minicomputer. The paper identifies the most frequent virtual instructions and their implementation on the PDP 11/45 computer.
Per Brinch Hansen, Charles Hayden
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1991
Sutton [in his PhD thesis] introduced a reinforcement comparison term into the equations governing certain stochastic learning automata, arguing that it should speed up learning, particularly for unbalanced reinforcement tasks. Williams's subsequent extensions [REINFORCE] to the class of algorithms demonstrated that they were all performing approximate
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Sutton [in his PhD thesis] introduced a reinforcement comparison term into the equations governing certain stochastic learning automata, arguing that it should speed up learning, particularly for unbalanced reinforcement tasks. Williams's subsequent extensions [REINFORCE] to the class of algorithms demonstrated that they were all performing approximate
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Linguistics and Philosophy, 2012
Beck, S. (2012c). Pluractional comparisons. Linguistics and Philosophy 35 (1), 57-110.
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Beck, S. (2012c). Pluractional comparisons. Linguistics and Philosophy 35 (1), 57-110.
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Welfare comparisons and situation comparisons
Journal of Econometrics, 1991Abstract The paradigmatic welfare comparison question is: ‘How much would a family with three children have to spend to make it as well off as a family with two children spending $20,000?’ This question, if it it can be answered at all, cannot be answered by comparing the consumption patterns of households with two children with those of households ...
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2003
Abstract There is, however, a technical issue that needs to be taken into account. Suppose there are no differences among the groups, in which case none of the six null hypotheses just listed should be rejected. To keep things simple for the moment, assume all four groups have normal distributions with equal variances, in which case ...
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Abstract There is, however, a technical issue that needs to be taken into account. Suppose there are no differences among the groups, in which case none of the six null hypotheses just listed should be rejected. To keep things simple for the moment, assume all four groups have normal distributions with equal variances, in which case ...
openaire +1 more source