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The Role of Alternatives in Language
Frontiers in Communication, 2021 In this review we provide a discussion of the concept of alternatives and its role in linguistic and psycholinguistic theorizing in the context of the contributions that have appeared in the Frontiers Research Topic The Role of Alternatives in Language ...
Sophie Repp, Katharina Spalek
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Evaluation of counterfactuality in counterfactual communication protocols [PDF]
Physical Review A, 2017 We provide an in-depth investigation of parameter estimation in nested Mach-Zehnder interferometers (NMZIs) using two information measures: the Fisher information and the Shannon mutual information. Protocols for counterfactual communication have, so far, been based on two different definitions of counterfactuality.
Arvidsson-Shukur, DRM +2 more
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Improving users' mental model with attention‐directed counterfactual edits
Applied AI Letters, 2021 In the domain of visual question answering (VQA), studies have shown improvement in users' mental model of the VQA system when they are exposed to examples of how these systems answer certain image‐question (IQ) pairs.
Kamran Alipour +6 more
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Three analytical frameworks of causal inference and their applications
工程科学学报, 2022 Causality is a generic relationship between an effect and a cause that produces it. The causal relationship among things has been a research hotspot; however, the complexity of causality is sometimes far beyond our imagination.
Zhong-gui MA, Xiao-han XU, Xue-er LIU
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Why does conservation minimize opportunity costs?
Conservation Science and Practice, 2022 Effective management of depleted natural resources can be achieved only through changes in human actions. Opportunity costs represent the forgone benefits that would have flowed in the absence of conservation interventions. To the extent that opportunity
Patrick F. Smallhorn‐West +1 more
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Контрафактуална историја као део научне дисциплине [PDF]
Токови историје, 2021 The emergence of the first alternative history of Serbia and the thematic issue of a literary journal devoted to counterfactual history drew attention to the necessity to analyze this phenomenon from a historiographical perspective.
Čedomir Antić
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The 2011-2014 Economic Adjustment Programme for Portugal
Notas Económicas, 2022 The 2007 global crisis triggered a severe sovereign debt crisis in Portugal, which led to the need to comply with an Economic Adjustment Programme (EAP) based, among other pillars, on fiscal consolidation.
Manuel Correia de Pinho +1 more
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Stochastic Modeling of Past Volcanic Crises
Frontiers in Earth Science, 2018 The statistical foundation of disaster risk analysis is past experience. From a scientific perspective, history is just one realization of what might have happened, given the randomness and chaotic dynamics of nature.
Gordon Woo
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Consistent Quantum Counterfactuals [PDF]
, 1999 An analysis using classical stochastic processes is used to construct a consistent system of quantum counterfactual reasoning. When applied to a counterfactual version of Hardy's paradox, it shows that the probabilistic character of quantum reasoning ...
B. d’Espagnat +18 more
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When being wasteful appears better than feeling wasteful
Judgment and Decision Making, 2010 “Waste not want not” expresses our culture’s aversion to waste. “I could have gotten the same thing for less” is a sentiment that can diminish pleasure in a transaction. We study people’s willingness to “pay” to avoid this spoiler.
Ro’i Zultan +2 more
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