Results 51 to 60 of about 29,420 (265)

OTC Discount [PDF]

open access: yesSSRN Electronic Journal, 2019
We document a pecking order of transaction costs in the interdealer market for German sovereign bonds, where three trading protocols coexist. Dealers can trade over the counter (OTC), either bilaterally or via brokers, as well as on an exchange. Trading on the exchange is more expensive than OTC, and broker-intermediated trades are more costly than ...
Calebe de Roure   +3 more
openaire   +4 more sources

Diffusion‐Based Generative Model With Scaffold‐Hopping Strategy Yields Highly Potent Bioactive Molecules

open access: yesAdvanced Science, EarlyView.
SMarT‐Diff introduces a multi‐objective generative paradigm that integrates scaffold hopping with structure‐aware scoring to enable controlled exploration beyond the training distribution. The framework consistently balances drug‐likeness, synthesizes accessibility and bioactivity, yielding chemically diverse candidates with enhanced properties.
Yuwei Yang   +8 more
wiley   +1 more source

Humans can adopt optimal discounting strategy under real-time constraints. [PDF]

open access: yesPLoS Computational Biology, 2006
Critical to our many daily choices between larger delayed rewards, and smaller more immediate rewards, are the shape and the steepness of the function that discounts rewards with time.
N Schweighofer   +6 more
doaj   +1 more source

Correcting Apparent Priming Bias Unveils Fertilizer Nitrogen‐Risk Archetypes of Surplus and Depletion Across Asian Rice Systems

open access: yesAdvanced Science, EarlyView.
Correcting the apparent priming effect resolves systematic biases in Asian rice fertilizer nitrogen accounting. Net soil retention drops below 7%, while 48% of fertilizer escapes, inflicting US$98.53 billion in annual reactive‐nitrogen damages. High‐resolution mapping uncovers N‐risk archetypes across 42% of the rice area, delivering a spatially ...
Xiuyun Liu   +5 more
wiley   +1 more source

A CASE STUDY ON THE IMPACTS OF INTEREST RATE ON THE INVESTMENT BECISIONS IN FORESTRY

open access: yesForestist, 2001
This paper, as a case study, examined both the discounting methods (the ordinary discounting and the modified discounting methods) and the level of interest (discount) rates and explained the effects of these methods and various interest rates on the ...
Sultan BEKİROĞLU
doaj   +1 more source

A Dual‐Memory Ferroelectric Transistor Emulating Synaptic Metaplasticity for High‐Speed Reservoir Computing

open access: yesAdvanced Electronic Materials, EarlyView.
A CMOS‐compatible ferroelectric transistor harnesses the interplay between stable gate polarization memory and volatile non‐quasi‐static channel charge dynamics to emulate how biological synapses regulate their own plasticity. This brain‐inspired dual‐memory mechanism, realized in a single device, enables a physical reservoir computer that solves ...
Yifan Wang   +8 more
wiley   +1 more source

Kenyan Farmers' Policy Priorities During Economic Crisis and Stability: Insights From a Best‐Worst Scaling Experiment

open access: yesApplied Economic Perspectives and Policy, EarlyView.
ABSTRACT Amid rising food and fertilizer prices, understanding farmers' policy preferences is critical for effective crisis response. We use best‐worst scaling experiment to assess Kenyan mobile‐owning crop farmers' preferences for government support under high and normal price scenarios.
Mywish K. Maredia   +4 more
wiley   +1 more source

Estimating the lagged effect of price discounting: a time-series study on sugar sweetened beverage purchasing in a supermarket

open access: yesBMC Public Health, 2022
Background Price discount is an unregulated obesogenic environmental risk factor for the purchasing of unhealthy food, including Sugar Sweetened Beverages (SSB). Sales of price discounted food items are known to increase during the period of discounting.
Hiroshi Mamiya   +3 more
doaj   +1 more source

Unpacking the Farmland Capitalization Effect of Ethanol Establishment

open access: yesApplied Economic Perspectives and Policy, EarlyView.
ABSTRACT We unpack the impact of expansions in ethanol production—as measured by proximity to newly constructed ethanol plants and capacity expansions—on farmland values using land transaction data from Kansas in combination with modern causal inference techniques.
Gabriel S. Sampson, Jisang Yu
wiley   +1 more source

Delay discounting and utility for money or weight loss

open access: yesObesity Science & Practice, 2017
Summary Objective Obesity is related to a bias towards smaller immediate over larger delayed rewards. This bias is typically examined by studying single commodity discounting. However, weight loss often involves choices among multiple commodities. To our
Y. Y. Sze   +3 more
doaj   +1 more source

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