Results 81 to 90 of about 123,913 (326)

Neural signatures of cognitive flexibility and reward sensitivity following nicotinic receptor stimulation in dependent smokers : a randomized trial [PDF]

, 2017
IMPORTANCE Withdrawal from nicotine is an important contributor to smoking relapse. Understanding how reward-based decision making is affected by abstinence and by pharmacotherapies such as nicotine replacement therapy and varenicline tartrate may aid ...
Aronson, Sarah E., Lesage, Elise, Ross, Thomas J., Salmeron, Betty Jo, Stein, Elliot A., Sutherland, Matthew T.   +5 more
core   +2 more sources

Sentience in cephalopod molluscs: an updated assessment

Biological Reviews, EarlyView.
ABSTRACT This article evaluates the evidence for sentience – the capacity to have feelings – in cephalopod molluscs: octopus, cuttlefish, squid, and nautilus. Our framework includes eight criteria, covering both whether the animal's nervous system could support sentience and whether their behaviour indicates sentience.
Alexandra K. Schnell, Heather Browning, Andrew Crump, Charlotte C. Burn, Jonathan Birch   +4 more
wiley   +1 more source

mGluR5 antagonism inhibits cocaine reinforcement and relapse by elevation of extracellular glutamate in the nucleus accumbens via a CB1 receptor mechanism. [PDF]

, 2018
Metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGluR5) antagonism inhibits cocaine self-administration and reinstatement of drug-seeking behavior. However, the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying this action are poorly understood.
Bi, Guo-Hua, Gardner, Eliot L, He, Yi, Jordan, Chloe J, Li, Jie, Li, Xia, Peng, Xiao-Qing, Xi, Zheng-Xiong, Yang, Hong-Ju, Zhang, Hai-Ying   +9 more
core   +2 more sources

Skeletal Editing from Pyridine to Aniline via C‐Insertion and N‐Isomerization

ChemistryEurope, EarlyView.
A concise protocol is presented that converts pyridines into anilines by externalizing the original pyridine nitrogen at either the "ipso" or "ortho" position, which results in para or meta‐primary aniline products. A key carbene‐insertion step precedes nitrogen migration, preserving both ring size and overall structure.
Yun Luo, Jing Dai, Yongchang Wei, Chang Min   +3 more
wiley   +1 more source

Absence seizures: Update on signaling mechanisms and networks

Epilepsia Open, EarlyView.
Abstract Absence seizures (AS) are a hallmark of genetic generalized epilepsies (GGE), characterized by brief episodes of impaired consciousness accompanied by electroencephalographic spike‐and‐wave discharges (SWDs). Traditionally attributed to cortico‐thalamo‐cortical (CTC) dysrhythmia, emerging evidence suggests a more intricate pathophysiological ...
Ozlem Akman, Filiz Onat
wiley   +1 more source

Chronic exposure to dopamine agonists affects the integrity of striatal D2 receptors in Parkinson's patients

NeuroImage: Clinical, 2017
We aimed to investigate the integrity and clinical relevance of striatal dopamine receptor type-2 (D2R) availability in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients. We studied 68 PD patients, spanning from early to advanced disease stages, and 12 healthy controls.
Marios Politis, Heather Wilson, Kit Wu, David J. Brooks, Paola Piccini   +4 more
doaj   +1 more source

Buprenorphine added on brief cognitive behavioral therapy for treatment of methamphetamine use disorder [PDF]

, 2018
Background: Methamphetamine (MA) use remains a major public health concern around the world. Recent findings suggest that buprenorphine may be helpful for cocaine use reduction. Moreover, animal studies described reduced dopamine peak effect following MA
Dean AJ, Hassani-Abharian P, Hollister LE, Karimlou M, Kirchmayer U, Kosten TR, Mello NK, Nejati V, Raistrick D, Rothenberg JL,     +10 more
core   +1 more source

Molecular imprinting for neurology: Materials, applications, and limitations

Ibrain, EarlyView.
Molecularly imprinted materials: diagnostic, therapeutic and research applications in neurology. Molecularly imprinted materials offer high specificity and affinity for target molecules in neurological applications. This review highlights their synthesis, characterisation, and use in diagnostics, research and therapeutics.
Xiaohan Ma, Yingqi Ma, Claudia Marino, Alessandro Poma   +3 more
wiley   +1 more source

The transfection of BDNF to dopamine neurons potentiates the effect of dopamine D3 receptor agonist recovering the striatal innervation, dendritic spines and motor behavior in an aged rat model of Parkinson's disease.

PLoS ONE, 2015
The progressive degeneration of the dopamine neurons of the pars compacta of substantia nigra and the consequent loss of the dopamine innervation of the striatum leads to the impairment of motor behavior in Parkinson's disease.
Luis F Razgado-Hernandez, Armando J Espadas-Alvarez, Patricia Reyna-Velazquez, Arturo Sierra-Sanchez, Veronica Anaya-Martinez, Ismael Jimenez-Estrada, Michael J Bannon, Daniel Martinez-Fong, Jorge Aceves-Ruiz   +8 more
doaj   +1 more source

Circadian‐timed dopamine agonist treatment reverses high‐fat diet‐induced diabetogenic shift in ventromedial hypothalamic glucose sensing

Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism, 2020
Introduction Within the ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH), glucose inhibitory (GI) neurons sense hypoglycaemia while glucose excitatory (GE) neurons sense hyperglycaemia to initiate counter control mechanisms under normal conditions.
Carl R. Stoelzel, Yahong Zhang, Anthony H. Cincotta   +2 more
doaj   +1 more source