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Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is a reversible syndrome of impaired brain function occurring in patients with advanced liver diseases. The precise pathophysiology of HE is still under discussion; the leading hypothesis focus on the role of neurotoxins, impaired neurotransmission due to metabolic changes in liver failure, changes in brain energy metabolism,
Srinivasan Dasarathy, Kevin D. Mullen
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Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is a prognostically relevant neuropsychiatric syndrome that occurs in the course of acute or chronic liver disease. Besides ascites and variceal bleeding, it is the most serious complication of decompensated liver cirrhosis.
Dieter Häussinger+11 more
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Hashimoto’s Encephalopathy [PDF]
AbstractHashimoto encephalopathy (HE) is an autoimmune encephalopathy associated with autoimmune chronic thyroiditis. The clinical entity and nosology of HE have long been debated. Recently, new autoantibodies associated with autoimmune encephalitis have been discovered.
Akiko Matsunaga+2 more
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Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy: facts and insights [PDF]
Asphyxia may cause a hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy due to an insufficient supply of oxygenated blood to the brain, which leads to a cerebral palsy. The transition state between both is called neonatal encephalopathy.
Braems, Geert
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Delirium occurs commonly in critically ill patients. ICU delirium is associated with increased short-term and long-term mortality, increased ICU length of stay, and long-term cognitive deficits in these patients. There are significant health-care costs associated with ICU delirium.
Alliya S. Qazi, Juliana Barr
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AbstractInherited neurotransmitter diseases are a subset of rare neurometabolic disorders characterized by hereditary deficiencies in neurotransmitter metabolism or transport. Non-ketotic hyperglycinaemia (NKH), called glycine encephalopathy, is an autosomal recessive glycine metabolism disorder characterized by an abnormal accumulation of glycine in ...
S. Bhumika+3 more
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Mutations in the mitochondrial cysteinyl-tRNA synthase gene, CARS2, lead to a severe epileptic encephalopathy and complex movement disorder [PDF]
Background: Mitochondrial disease is often suspected in cases of severe epileptic encephalopathy especially when a complex movement disorder, liver involvement and progressive developmental regression are present.
Collins, Abigail E+13 more
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Neuropsychiatric performance and treatment of hepatitis C with direct-acting antivirals: a prospective study [PDF]
Background: Since direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) have been approved for the treatment of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, a small series of patients with new-onset neuropsychiatric alterations have been referred to us.
Amodio, Piero+11 more
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Autoimmune encephalopathies [PDF]
Over the past 10 years, the continual discovery of novel forms of encephalitis associated with antibodies to cell‐surface or synaptic proteins has changed the paradigms for diagnosing and treating disorders that were previously unknown or mischaracterized.
Josep Dalmau+4 more
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Hepatic encephalopathy: a neurochemical, neuroanatomical, and neuropsychological study. [PDF]
Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is normally diagnosed by neuropsychological (NP) tests, which are not very specific and do not reveal the underlying pathology.
Binesh, Nader+11 more
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