Results 51 to 60 of about 14,321 (300)

How Scientists Forecast Volcanic Eruptions

Frontiers for Young Minds, 2022
Volcanic eruptions are impressive demonstrations of the activity of our planet. While some eruptions may be safely observed from distance, many eruptions, especially if explosive, may be hazardous to the populations and the environment around the volcano, including the animals, plants, and manmade structures.
openaire   +1 more source

Forecasting volcanic ash dispersal and coeval resuspension during the April-May 2015 Calbuco eruption [PDF]

, 2016
Atmospheric dispersion of volcanic ash from explosive eruptions or from subsequent fallout deposit resuspension causes a range of impacts and disruptions on human activities and ecosystems.
Baez, Walter Ariel, Bustos, Emilce, Collini, E., Folch Duran, Arnau, Leonardo, Mingari, Osores, María Soledad, Reckziegel, Florencia Mabel, Romero, J., Villarosa, Gustavo, Viramonte, Jose German   +9 more
core   +1 more source

Mitigation of human cognitive bias in volcanic eruption forecasting

Journal of Applied Volcanology
Modern operational eruption forecasting methods rely heavily on human judgment in the face of uncertainty and are thus susceptible to myriad cognitive biases and errors by the scientist-forecasters.
Heather M. N. Wright, Jeremy D. Pesicek, Stephen A. Spiller   +2 more
doaj   +1 more source

Magnetic Flux of EUV Arcade and Dimming Regions as a Relevant Parameter for Early Diagnostics of Solar Eruptions - Sources of Non-Recurrent Geomagnetic Storms and Forbush Decreases

, 2012
This study aims at the early diagnostics of geoeffectiveness of coronal mass ejections (CMEs) from quantitative parameters of the accompanying EUV dimming and arcade events.
A. A. Abunin, A. Belov, A. Taktakishvili, A. V. Belov, A.C. Sterling, A.C. Sterling, A.N. Zhukov, A.N. Zhukov, A.V. Belov, B. Schmieder, B. Vršnak, B. Vršnak, B.E. Wood, B.J. Thompson, B.J. Thompson, B.V. Jackson, B.V. Jackson, C.H. Mandrini, C.H. Mandrini, C.H. Miklenic, D. Tripathi, D.F. Webb, D.F. Webb, E.W. Cliver, G. Michalek, G. Siscoe, G. Siscoe, G.E. Brueckner, G.F. Krymskii, H. Song, H. Xie, H.S. Hudson, H.V. Cane, I. M. Chertok, I.G. Richardson, I.G. Richardson, I.G. Richardson, I.M. Chertok, I.M. Chertok, I.M. Chertok, I.M. Chertok, J. Qiu, J. Zhang, J. Zhang, J.-P. Delaboudinière, J.R. Lemen, J.T. Gosling, K. Marubashi, K.-H. Kim, L.K. Harra, M.L. Kaiser, N. Gopalswamy, N. Gopalswamy, N. Gopalswamy, N. Gopalswamy, N. Gopalswamy, N. Lugaz, P. Dèmoulin, P.H. Scherrer, P.K. Manoharan, R.-S. Kim, S. Kahler, S. Yashiro, S.-M. Kang, S.E. Gibson, V. Bothmer, V. V. Grechnev, V. Yurchyshyn, V. Yurchyshyn, V. Yurchyshyn, Y. Liu, Y. Liu, Y. Liu, Y. Zhang, Y.M. Wang, Z. Švestka, Z.K. Smith   +76 more
core   +1 more source

Detecting volcanic sulfur dioxide plumes in the Northern Hemisphere using the Brewer spectrophotometer, other networks, and satellite observations [PDF]

, 2016
This paper demonstrates that SO 2 columnar amounts have significantly increased following the five largest volcanic eruptions of the past decade in the Northern Hemisphere.
Allaart, Marc, Amiridis, Vassilis, Balis, Dimitris, Dahlback, Arne, De Bock, Veerle, Diemoz, Henri, Eleftheratos, Kostas, Engelmann, Ronny, Eriksen, Paul, Eskes, Henk, Gröbner, Julian, Heikkilä, Anu, Inness, Antje, Jarosławski, Janusz, Josefsson, Weine, Kapsomenakis, John, Karppinen, Tomi, Köhler, Ulf, Meleti, Charoula, Redondas, Alberto, Repapis, Christos, Rimmer, John, Savinykh, Vladimir, Shirotov, Vadim, Siani, Anna Maria, Smedley, Andrew R. D., Solomos, Stavros, Stanek, Martin, Stübi, René, Zerefos, Christos S.   +29 more
core   +2 more sources

Comparative and functional anatomy of masticatory muscles and bite force in opossums (Didelphimorphia, Didelphidae)

The Anatomical Record, EarlyView.
We describe the functional anatomy of masticatory muscles in nine opossums, finding a generalized anatomical pattern with differences related to skull morphology. Variation in quantitative myological data and estimated bite force was mostly related to size, and the increase in bite force supports dietary diversification associated with size increase ...
Juann A. F. H. Abreu, Diego Astúa
wiley   +1 more source

Ground-Based Measurements of the 2014–2015 Holuhraun Volcanic Cloud (Iceland)

Geosciences, 2018
The 2014–2015 Bárðarbunga fissure eruption at Holuhraun in central Iceland was distinguished by the high emission of gases, in total 9.6 Mt SO2, with almost no tephra.
Melissa A. Pfeffer, Baldur Bergsson, Sara Barsotti, Gerður Stefánsdóttir, Bo Galle, Santiago Arellano, Vladimir Conde, Amy Donovan, Evgenia Ilyinskaya, Mike Burton, Alessandro Aiuppa, Rachel C. W. Whitty, Isla C. Simmons, Þórður Arason, Elín B. Jónasdóttir, Nicole S. Keller, Richard F. Yeo, Hermann Arngrímsson, Þorsteinn Jóhannsson, Mary K. Butwin, Robert A. Askew, Stéphanie Dumont, Sibylle von Löwis, Þorgils Ingvarsson, Alessandro La Spina, Helen Thomas, Fred Prata, Fausto Grassa, Gaetano Giudice, Andri Stefánsson, Frank Marzano, Mario Montopoli, Luigi Mereu   +32 more
doaj   +1 more source

Logarithmic Growth of Dikes From a Depressurizing Magma Chamber

Geophysical Research Letters, 2020
Dike propagation is an intrinsically multiphase problem, where deformation and fluid flow are intricately coupled in a fracture process. Here we perform the first fully coupled simulations of dike propagation in two dimensions, accounting for ...
Benjamin E. Grossman‐Ponemon, Elías R. Heimisson, Adrian J. Lew, Paul Segall   +3 more
doaj   +1 more source

Could Kı̄lauea's 2020 Post Caldera‐Forming Eruption Have Been Anticipated?

Geophysical Research Letters, 2022
In 2018 Kı̄lauea volcano erupted a decade's worth of basalt, given estimated magma supply rates, triggering caldera collapse. Yet, less than 2.5 years later Kı̄lauea re‐erupted. At the 2018 eruption onset, pressure within the summit reservoir was ∼20 MPa
Paul Segall, Kyle Anderson, Taiyi A. Wang   +2 more
doaj   +1 more source

The lower jaw of Devonian ray‐finned fishes (Actinopterygii): Anatomy, relationships, and functional morphology

The Anatomical Record, EarlyView.
Abstract Actinopterygii is a major extant vertebrate group, but limited data are available for its earliest members. Here we investigate the morphology of Devonian actinopterygians, focusing on the lower jaw. We use X‐ray computed tomography (XCT) to provide comprehensive descriptions of the mandibles of 19 species, which span the whole of the Devonian
Ben Igielman, Rodrigo Tinoco Figueroa, Robert R. Higgins, Stephanie E. Pierce, Michael I. Coates, Emily M. Troyer, Vincent Fernandez, Kathleen Dollman, Jing Lu, Min Zhu, Matt Friedman, Sam Giles   +11 more
wiley   +1 more source