Results 51 to 60 of about 3,219 (219)

Impacting Atmospheres: How Late-stage Pollution Alters Exoplanet Composition

The Astrophysical Journal
The atmospheric composition of exoplanets is often considered as a probe of the planet’s formation conditions. How exactly the initial chemical memory may be altered from the birth to the final state of the planet, however, remains unknown.
Emilia Vlahos, Yayaati Chachan, Vincent Savignac, Eve J. Lee   +3 more
doaj   +1 more source

Leveraging Multimodal Large Language Models to Analyse Student Exploration Behaviours in Educational Game Environments

Journal of Computer Assisted Learning, Volume 42, Issue 4, August 2026.
ABSTRACT Background Video data provides rich opportunities to examine student behaviour in game‐based learning environments, capturing not only observable actions but also subtle indicators of cognitive engagement. However, traditional video analysis is labor‐intensive, and current applications of AI to this task are limited by models trained on ...
Yiqiu Zhou, Xiner Liu, Andres Felipe Zambrano, Luc Paquette, Amanda Barany, Jaclyn Ocumpaugh, Ryan S. Baker, Jeff Ginger   +7 more
wiley   +1 more source

The Not-so Dramatic Effect of Advective Flows on Gas Accretion

The Astrophysical Journal
Super-Earths and mini-Neptunes are the most common types of exoplanets discovered, yet the physics of their formation are still debated. Standard core accretion models in gas-rich environments find that typical mini-Neptune mass planets would blow up ...
Vincent Savignac, Eve J. Lee
doaj   +1 more source

Massive Rocky Planets May Suppress Deep Melting

AGU Advances, Volume 7, Issue 4, August 2026.
Abstract Melting properties of silicates are critical to understanding the thermal evolution of rocky planetary interiors. In the deep mantles of massive rocky planets, post‐post‐spinel Mg2SiO4 ${\text{Mg}}_{2}{\text{SiO}}_{4}$ is potentially one of the most abundant mineral phases, yet its melting behavior remains unconstrained. Here, we determine the
Donghao Zheng, Yihang Peng, Jie Deng
wiley   +1 more source

An Outer Giant Planet or Brown Dwarf in the 51 Pegasi System?

The Astronomical Journal
51 Pegasi harbors the first confirmed extrasolar planet orbiting a Sun-like star. Decades of continued radial velocity (RV) observations have since uncovered signatures of an additional distant companion in the system from a shallow radial acceleration ...
Marvin Morgan, Brendan P. Bowler, Kyle Franson, Lillian Jiang, Eric Gaidos, Quang H. Tran, Jingwen Zhang, Judah Van Zandt, Katie E. Painter, Erik A. Petigura, Darryl Z. Seligman, Adina D. Feinstein, David R. Ciardi, Rocio Kiman, Benjamin J. Fulton, Howard Isaacson, Andrew W. Howard, Stefan Dreizler   +17 more
doaj   +1 more source

Hot Jupiters Have Giant Companions: Evidence for Coplanar High-eccentricity Migration

The Astrophysical Journal Letters, 2023
This study considers the characteristics of planetary systems with giant planets based on a population-level analysis of the California Legacy Survey planet catalog. We identified three characteristics common to hot Jupiters (HJs).
Jon K. Zink, Andrew W. Howard
doaj   +1 more source

The Complexity of Deep Aqueous Fluids in Planetary Ultramafic Mantles

Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, Volume 27, Issue 7, July 2026.
Abstract Planetary volatiles cycle through a planet's crust, mantle, and atmosphere, playing a crucial role in surface processes and habitability. Discussions of planetary volatiles traditionally focus on water, carbon, nitrogen, and sulfur, but fluids in contact with silicate rocks and ultramafic mantles can contain significant amounts of magnesium ...
Sophia E. Economon, Dimitri A. Sverjensky   +1 more
wiley   +1 more source

Detection of Aerosols at Microbar Pressures in an Exoplanet Atmosphere [PDF]

, 2021
The formation of hazes at microbar pressures has been explored by theoretical models of exoplanet atmospheres to explain Rayleigh scattering and/or featureless transmission spectra; however observational evidence of aerosols in the low-pressure formation
Valio, Adriana, West, Robert, Swain, Mark R., Sedaghati, E., Estrela, Raissa, Roudier, Gael M.   +5 more
core   +1 more source

Exoplanets and Their Characterization in the Environment of Galaxy Formation

Journal of Material Sciences and Engineering Technology
The exploration of exoplanets has emerged as a pivotal area of research in astrophysics, particularly in understanding their formation and evolution within the context of galaxy formation. This paper presents a comprehensive review of current methodologies for exoplanet detection and characterization, emphasizing the interplay between galactic dynamics
Diriba Tolasa, Adugna Furi
openaire   +1 more source

Interactions of Sublimated Frost With Volcanic Plumes: Modeling Io's SO2 Atmosphere Using the DSMC Method

Journal of Geophysical Research: Planets, Volume 131, Issue 7, July 2026.
Abstract Io's tenuous atmosphere consists primarily of sulfur dioxide (SO2 ${\text{SO}}_{2}$) with observed column densities of approximately 1016−1017 $1{0}^{16}-1{0}^{17}$ cm−2 ${\text{cm}}^{-2}$. However, it remains uncertain whether the sublimation of SO2 ${\text{SO}}_{2}$ surface frost or volcanic outgassing is the primary source of the SO2 ...
Leander Schlarmann, Audrey Vorburger, Tim Mosimann, Nicolas Thomas, Peter Wurz   +4 more
wiley   +1 more source