Results 61 to 70 of about 360,385 (255)

Synucleinopathy alters nanoscale organization and diffusion in the brain extracellular space through hyaluronan remodeling

Nature Communications, 2020
The nanoscale organisation of the brain extracellular space can be studied in vivo. Here, the authors investigate how it changes in response to α-synuclein pathology, and identify interactions between microglia and the extracellular matrix.
Federico N. Soria, Chiara Paviolo, Evelyne Doudnikoff, Marie-Laure Arotcarena, Antony Lee, Noémie Danné, Amit Kumar Mandal, Philippe Gosset, Benjamin Dehay, Laurent Groc, Laurent Cognet, Erwan Bezard   +11 more
doaj   +1 more source

Tumour–host interactions in Drosophila: mechanisms in the tumour micro‐ and macroenvironment

Molecular Oncology, EarlyView.
This review examines how tumour–host crosstalk takes place at multiple levels of biological organisation, from local cell competition and immune crosstalk to organism‐wide metabolic and physiological collapse. Here, we integrate findings from Drosophila melanogaster studies that reveal conserved mechanisms through which tumours hijack host systems to ...
José Teles‐Reis, Tor Erik Rusten
wiley   +1 more source

The neuroglial potassium cycle during neurotransmission: role of Kir4.1 channels. [PDF]

PLoS Computational Biology, 2015
Neuronal excitability relies on inward sodium and outward potassium fluxes during action potentials. To prevent neuronal hyperexcitability, potassium ions have to be taken up quickly.
Jérémie Sibille, Khanh Dao Duc, David Holcman, Nathalie Rouach   +3 more
doaj   +1 more source

Modeling Extracellular Field Potentials and the Frequency-Filtering Properties of Extracellular Space [PDF]

Biophysical Journal, 2004
Extracellular local field potentials (LFP) are usually modeled as arising from a set of current sources embedded in a homogeneous extracellular medium. Although this formalism can successfully model several properties of LFPs, it does not account for their frequency-dependent attenuation with distance, a property essential to correctly model ...
Bédard, Claude, Kröger, Helmut, Destexhe, Alain   +2 more
openaire   +3 more sources

EDNRB‐dependent endothelin signaling reduces proliferation and promotes proneural‐to‐mesenchymal transition in gliomas

Molecular Oncology, EarlyView.
Glioma cells mainly express the endothelin receptor EDNRB, while EDNRA is restricted to a perivascular tumor subpopulation. Endothelin signaling reduces glioma cell proliferation while promoting migration and a proneural‐to‐mesenchymal transition associated with poor prognosis. This pathway activates Ca2+, K+, ERK, and STAT3 signalings and is regulated
Donovan Pineau, Leonor Garcia, Hugo Arnold, Antonija Hanžek, Maialen Arrieta, Laurent R Gauthier, Christine Granotier‐Beckers, François D Boussin, Amaury Herbet, Marie Hautière, Valentin Asei‐Ceschino, Clémentin Jacques, Laura Brard, Thomas Harnois, Valérie Coronas, Bruno Constantin, Aurélien Chatelier, Jean Chemin, Serge Urbach, Martial Seveno, Szimonetta Hideg, Chantal Ripoll, Kasandra Aguilar‐Cázarez, Min Zheng, Guo‐Hao Huang, Sheng‐Qing Lv, Lei Zhang, Philippe Rondard, Laurent Prezeau, Jean‐Philippe Pin, Hugues Duffau, Luc Bauchet, Valérie Rigau, Franck Denat, Charles Truillet, Didier Boquet, Jean‐Philippe Hugnot   +36 more
wiley   +1 more source

Intracellular and extracellular tau

Frontiers in Neuroscience, 2010
In this short review is described the toxicity of modified intracellular tau and that of extracellular tau that could be released into the extracellular space after neuron death.
Jesus Avila, Jesus Avila
doaj   +1 more source

Engineered extracellular vesicles enriched with the miR‐214/199a cluster enhance the efficacy of chemotherapy in ovarian cancer

Molecular Oncology, EarlyView.
Loss of the miR‐214/199a cluster is associated with recurrence in ovarian cancer. Engineered small extracellular vesicles (m214‐sEVs) elevate miR‐214‐3p/miR‐199a‐5p in tumor cells, suppress β‐catenin, TLR4, and YKT6 signaling, reprogram tumor‐derived sEV cargo, reduce chemoresistance and migration, and enhance carboplatin efficacy and survival in ...
Weida Wang, Ayesha Alvero, Yi Qin, Mingjin Wang, Alexandra Fox, Yanfeng Li, Michael Millman, Amy Kemper, Gil Mor, Xian Shuang Liu, Michael Chopp, Zheng Gang Zhang, Yi Zhang   +12 more
wiley   +1 more source

ALS-like pathology diminishes swelling of spinal astrocytes in the SOD1 animal model

Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience
Astrocytes are crucial for the functioning of the nervous system as they maintain the ion homeostasis via volume regulation. Pathological states, such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), affect astrocytes and might even cause a loss of such functions.
Tereza Filipi, Tereza Filipi, Jana Tureckova, Ondrej Vanatko, Ondrej Vanatko, Martina Chmelova, Monika Kubiskova, Monika Kubiskova, Natalia Sirotova, Natalia Sirotova, Stanislava Matejkova, Lydia Vargova, Miroslava Anderova   +12 more
doaj   +1 more source

Extracellular Glutamate in the Nucleus Accumbens Is Nanomolar in Both Synaptic and Non-synaptic Compartments

Cell Reports, 2017
In the CNS, glutamate is both phasically and tonically released into the extracellular space and must be removed by excitatory amino acid transporters (EAATs) to prevent excitotoxic accumulation.
Delia N. Chiu, Craig E. Jahr
doaj   +1 more source

Extracellular space diffusion and extrasynaptic transmission

Physiological Research, 2008
The diffusion of neuroactive substances in the extracellular space (ECS) plays an important role in short- and long-distance communication between nerve cells and is the underlying mechanism of extrasynaptic (volume) transmission. The diffusion properties of the ECS are described by three parameters: 1. ECS volume fraction alpha (alpha=ECS volume/total
L, Vargová, E, Syková
openaire   +2 more sources