Results 231 to 240 of about 7,196,791 (287)

The Ex Vivo Eye Irritation Test as an Alternative Test Method for Serious Eye Damage/Eye Irritation

Alternatives to Laboratory Animals, 2015
Ocular irritation testing is a common requirement for the classification, labelling and packaging of chemicals (substances and mixtures). The in vivo Draize rabbit eye test (OECD Test Guideline 405) is considered to be the regulatory reference method for the classification of chemicals according to their potential to induce eye injury.
Felix, Spöler, Oya, Kray, Stefan, Kray, Claudia, Panfil, Norbert F, Schrage   +4 more
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Refinement of the Slug Mucosal Irritation test as an alternative screening test for eye irritation

Toxicology in Vitro, 2005
The objective of this study was to limit the test procedure time of the Slug Mucosal Irritation test to one day and to determine whether it is a relevant and reliable method to predict the eye irritation potential of chemicals. The irritation potential of several eye reference chemicals can be estimated by the amount of mucus produced when tested at a ...
E, Adriaens, M M M, Dhondt, J P, Remon
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Criteria for in vitro alternatives for the eye irritation test

Food and Chemical Toxicology, 1993
A proposal encompassing considerations and criteria for the development of in vitro alternatives to the eye irritation test has been developed and is presented here. Two factors need to be considered initially in developing an alternative test. The first is to determine whether the alternative assay is to be used as a screen or as a replacement for the
S. Green, W.A. Chambers, K.C. Gupta, R.N. Hill, P.M. Hurley, L.A. Lambert, C.C. Lee, J.K. Lee, P.T. Liu, D.K. Lowther, C.D. Roberts, V.M. Seabaugh, J.A. Springer, N.L. Wilcox   +13 more
openaire   +2 more sources

Multi-laboratory Validation Study of the Vitrigel-Eye Irritancy Test Method as an Alternative to In Vivo Eye Irritation Testing

Alternatives to Laboratory Animals, 2019
Collagen vitrigel membranes (CVMs) comprising high-density collagen fibrils equivalent to in vivo connective tissues have been widely used in cell culture applications. A human corneal epithelium (hCE) model was previously developed by the Takezawa group, by culturing HCE-T cells (derived from hCE cells) on a CVM scaffold in a chamber that provided an ...
Hajime, Kojima, Hiroyuki, Yamaguchi, Takashi, Sozu, Nicole, Kleinstreuer, Lim, Chae-Hyung, Wannhsin, Chen, Mika, Watanabe, Takayuki, Fukuda, Kunihiko, Yamashita, Toshiaki, Takezawa   +9 more
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Statistical model in tests for eye irritants

Food and Chemical Toxicology, 1991
A test used to classify substances for eye irritancy, as required by the Consumer Product Safety Commission, is performed on 1-3 groups of 6 albino rabbits in a sequential manner. When the statistical implications of the test are realized, it is possible for a substance to be classified as an irritant with fewer reactions than the number required for ...
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In vitro predictive tests for eye irritants

Toxicology in Vitro, 1990
The developments and attitudes towards in vitro testing since the first major workshop on irritation testing five years ago (Reinhardt et al., 1985) are summarized. Many test systems have been described and an increasing number of compounds tested. However, the in vivo data basis used for comparison is still heterogeneous and a proper analysis of most ...
openaire   +3 more sources

The use of low-volume dosing in the eye irritation test

Food and Chemical Toxicology, 1993
The Draize rabbit eye test was developed to provide a method for assessing the irritation potential of materials that might come in contact with human eyes. The method involves the instillation of 0.1 ml of a test liquid (100 mg solid) into the conjunctival sac of an animal's eye. A refinement of the Draize test is the low-volume eye test in which 0.01
L.A. Lambert, W.A. Chambers, S. Green, K.C. Gupta, R.N. Hill, P.M. Hurley, C.C. Lee, J.K. Lee, P.T. Liu, D.K. Lowther, C.D. Roberts, V.M. Seabaugh, J.A. Springer, N.L. Wilcox   +13 more
openaire   +2 more sources

Use of the Trypan Blue and Rabbit Eye Tests for Irritation

Journal of the American Pharmaceutical Association (Scientific ed.), 1950
An objective method has been described for determining the irritant properties of substances designed for parenteral administration by means of the trypan blue test. Various concentrations of the substance to be studied are injected intracutaneously into the abdominal skin of the rabbit followed by the intravenous injection of 10 mg./Kg. of trypan blue.
J O, HOPPE, E B, ALEXANDER, L C, MILLER
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Alternative Methods for Eye and Skin Irritation Tests: An Overview

Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2008
The evaluation of eye and skin irritation potential is essential to ensuring the safety of individuals in contact with a wide variety of substances designed for industrial, pharmaceutical or cosmetic use. The Draize rabbit eye and skin irritancy tests have been used for 60 years to attempt to predict the human ocular and dermal irritation of such ...
M P, Vinardell, M, Mitjans
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An eye irritation test protocol and an evaluation and classification system

Food and Chemical Toxicology, 1993
An in vivo test protocol and an evaluation and classification system for the determination of eye irritation potential of chemicals and mixtures (substances) is proposed. The protocol uses two or three rabbits and reduces distress in test animals. The test substances are classified as non-irritant, irritant or severe irritant to meet regulatory needs ...
K.C. Gupta, W.A. Chambers, S. Green, R.N. Hill, P.M. Hurley, L.A. Lambert, P.T. Liu, D.K. Lowther, V.M. Seabaugh, J.A. Springer, N.L. Wilcox   +10 more
openaire   +2 more sources