Results 11 to 20 of about 19,755 (259)

Fear Extinction Requires Reward [PDF]

Cell, 2018
Learning theorists long hypothesized that appetitive and aversive motivational states influence one another antagonistically. Here, Felsenberg et al. show that the activity of neurons in Drosophila known to be important in appetitive conditioning is necessary for the extinction of aversive conditioning, thereby uncovering biological evidence for this ...
Sheena A, Josselyn, Paul W, Frankland
openaire   +2 more sources

Starting fear is a stronger predictor of long-term fear than rate of change in fear in human fear conditioning

Journal of Experimental Psychopathology, 2022
In rodent studies, faster extinction rate has been shown to predict less long-term fear. However, this has scarcely been studied in humans. The present report investigated the association between extinction rate and long-term fear in humans.
Tomislav D. Zbozinek, Alexandra S. Tanner, Michelle G. Craske   +2 more
doaj   +1 more source

Fear Extinction in Rodents [PDF]

Current Protocols in Neuroscience, 2009
AbstractPavlovian conditioning paradigms have become important model systems for understanding the neuroscience of behavior. In particular, studies of the extinction of Pavlovian fear responses are yielding important information about the neural substrates of anxiety disorders, such as phobias and post‐traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in humans.
Chang, Chun-hui, Knapska, Ewelina, Orsini, Caitlin, Rabinak, Christine Anne, Zimmerman, Joshua M., Maren, Stephen   +5 more
openaire   +3 more sources

Synaptic and transcriptomic features of cortical and amygdala pyramidal neurons predict inefficient fear extinction

Cell Reports, 2023
Summary: Fear-related disorders arise from inefficient fear extinction and have immeasurable social and economic costs. Here, we characterize mouse phenotypes that spontaneously show fear-independent behavioral traits predicting adaptive or maladaptive ...
Daniela Laricchiuta, Juliette Gimenez, Giuseppe Sciamanna, Andrea Termine, Carlo Fabrizio, Francesco Della Valle, Silvia Caioli, Luana Saba, Marco De Bardi, Francesca Balsamo, Anna Panuccio, Noemi Passarello, Anna Mattioni, Elisa Bisicchia, Cristina Zona, Valerio Orlando, Laura Petrosini   +16 more
doaj   +1 more source

Stress and Fear Extinction [PDF]

Neuropsychopharmacology, 2015
Stress has a critical role in the development and expression of many psychiatric disorders, and is a defining feature of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Stress also limits the efficacy of behavioral therapies aimed at limiting pathological fear, such as exposure therapy.
Stephen Maren, Andrew Holmes
openaire   +2 more sources

Unrelenting Fear Under Stress: Neural Circuits and Mechanisms for the Immediate Extinction Deficit

Frontiers in Systems Neuroscience, 2022
Therapeutic interventions for disorders of fear and anxiety rely on behavioral approaches that reduce pathological fear memories. For example, learning that threat-predictive stimuli are no longer associated with aversive outcomes is central to the ...
Stephen Maren
doaj   +1 more source

Extinction in Human Fear Conditioning [PDF]

Biological Psychiatry, 2006
Although most extinction research is conducted in animal laboratories, the study of extinction learning in human fear conditioning has gained increasing attention over the last decade. The most important findings from human fear extinction are reviewed in this article.
Hermans, Dirk, Craske, Michelle G., Mineka, Susan, Lovibond, Peter F.   +3 more
openaire   +3 more sources

Effects of 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine on Conditioned Fear Extinction and Retention in a Crossover Study in Healthy Subjects

Frontiers in Pharmacology, 2022
Background: 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) has shown initial promise as an adjunct in psychotherapy to treat posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Its efficacy and safety have been demonstrated across phase I–III studies. However, the mechanism
Patrick Vizeli, Patrick Vizeli, Patrick Vizeli, Isabelle Straumann, Isabelle Straumann, Urs Duthaler, Urs Duthaler, Nimmy Varghese, Nimmy Varghese, Anne Eckert, Anne Eckert, Martin P. Paulus, Victoria Risbrough, Victoria Risbrough, Matthias E. Liechti, Matthias E. Liechti   +15 more
doaj   +1 more source

Bilateral Alternating Auditory Stimulations Facilitate Fear Extinction and Retrieval

Frontiers in Psychology, 2017
Disruption of fear conditioning, its extinction and its retrieval are at the core of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Such deficits, especially fear extinction delay, disappear after alternating bilateral stimulations (BLS) during eye movement ...
Sarah Boukezzi, Catarina Silva, Catarina Silva, Bruno Nazarian, Pierre-François Rousseau, Pierre-François Rousseau, Eric Guedj, Eric Guedj, Eric Guedj, Camila Valenzuela-Moguillansky, Stéphanie Khalfa   +10 more
doaj   +1 more source

Dissociable roles of the nucleus accumbens core and shell subregions in the expression and extinction of conditioned fear

Neurobiology of Stress, 2021
The nucleus accumbens (NAc), consisting of core (NAcC) and shell (NAcS) sub-regions, has primarily been studied as a locus mediating the effects of drug reward and addiction.
Sohini Dutta, Jasmin Beaver, Carly J. Halcomb, Aaron M. Jasnow   +3 more
doaj   +1 more source