Results 121 to 130 of about 1,674,824 (289)

From free energy measurements to thermodynamic inference in nonequilibrium small systems

New Journal of Physics, 2015
Fluctuation theorems (FTs), such as the Crooks or Jarzynski equalities (JEs), have become an important tool in single-molecule biophysics where they allow experimentalists to exploit thermal fluctuations and measure free-energy differences from non ...
A Alemany, M Ribezzi-Crivellari, F Ritort   +2 more
doaj   +1 more source

Nonequilibrium thermodynamics of erasure with superconducting flux logic

Physical Review Research, 2020
We implement a thermal-fluctuation-driven logical bit reset on a superconducting flux logic cell. We show that the logical state of the system can be continuously monitored with only a small perturbation to the thermally activated dynamics at 500 mK.
Olli-Pentti Saira, Matthew H. Matheny, Raj Katti, Warren Fon, Gregory Wimsatt, James P. Crutchfield, Siyuan Han, Michael L. Roukes   +7 more
doaj   +1 more source

Asymmetric Electrostrain/Electrobending in Piezoelectric Ceramics: Role of Defect Dipoles or Oxygen Vacancies

Advanced Science, EarlyView.
Defect‐configurational origins of the asymmetric apparent electrostrain are revealed in different piezoelectric ceramics via atomic‐scale visualization of defect configurations. Migration of oxygen vacancies leads to the electrobending effect in N2‐sintered BaTiO3, while defect dipoles in Ba0.99TiO2.99 generate true asymmetric electrostrain without ...
Jie Wang, Geng Huangfu, Hongjie Zhang, Tiannan Yang, Zhenhua Ma, Jingsheng Chen, Yun Liu, Yiping Guo   +7 more
wiley   +1 more source

Quantum nonequilibrium equalities with absolute irreversibility

New Journal of Physics, 2015
We derive quantum nonequilibrium equalities in absolutely irreversible processes. Here by absolute irreversibility we mean that in the backward process the density matrix does not return to the subspace spanned by those eigenvectors that have nonzero ...
Ken Funo, Yûto Murashita, Masahito Ueda
doaj   +1 more source

Machine Learning‐Driven Prediction of Microplastic Aging Processes and Environmental Risk Assessment Across Multi‐Media Systems

Advanced Science, EarlyView.
This perspective proposes a cohesive machine learning strategy to decode microplastic aging. It advocates for Federated Learning to dismantle global data silos and introduces the TRACE framework (TRansport, Aging, Corona, Ecotoxicity). By integrating physics‐informed modeling with causal discovery, this approach bridges the laboratory‐field gap to ...
Yaping Lyu, Xinran Qiu, Xing Li, Tianhuan Yang, Xuetao Guo, Hao Qiu, Peng Zhang   +6 more
wiley   +1 more source

Fluctuation theorem as a special case of Girsanov theorem

Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and Theoretical
Abstract Stochastic thermodynamics is an important development in the direction of finding general thermodynamic principles for non-equilibrium systems. We believe stochastic thermodynamics has the potential to benefit from the measure-theoretic framework of stochastic differential equations (SDEs).
Annwesha Dutta, Saikat Sarkar
openaire   +2 more sources

A Wireless 3D Magneto‐Mechanical Stimulation Platform Drives In Situ Chondrogenic Commitment of Endogenous MSCs

Advanced Science, EarlyView.
An intracellular magneto‐mechanical platform utilizing MSC‐targeted nanomotors is developed. After intra‐articular delivery, these nanomotors target endogenous BMSCs and are actuated within lysosomes to execute trans‐planar rotational‐bouncing motions under a rotating‐fluctuating 3D magnetic field, generating amplified mechanical stimulation.
Zhenguang Li, Li Peng, Laiya Lu, Yingying Wang, Xiaolei Chen, Feng Yin, Cuijun Deng, Yu Cheng   +7 more
wiley   +1 more source

Stochastic thermodynamics and hierarchy of fluctuation theorems with multiple reservoirs

New Journal of Physics, 2018
We reformulate stochastic thermodynamics in terms of noise realizations for Langevin systems in contact with multiple reservoirs and investigate the structure of the second laws of thermodynamics.
Jae Sung Lee, Hyunggyu Park
doaj   +1 more source

Fundamental Challenges, Physical Implementations, and Integration Strategies for Ising Machines in Large‐Scale Optimization Tasks

Advanced Electronic Materials, EarlyView.
Ising machines are emerging as specialized hardware solvers for computationally hard optimization problems. This review examines five major platforms—digital CMOS, analog CMOS, emerging devices, coherent optics, and quantum systems—highlighting physics‐rooted advantages and shared bottlenecks in scalability and connectivity.
Hyunjun Lee, Joon Pyo Kim, Sanghyeon Kim
wiley   +1 more source

Dual‐Mode Conductive Hydrogel Sensor Combining Triboelectric and Piezoresistive Mechanisms for Signal Differentiation and Verification

Advanced Electronic Materials, EarlyView.
A hierarchical poly(vinyl alcohol)/polyaniline‐silver nanoparticle hydrogel is developed as a dual‐mode sensor to overcome single‐mechanism limitations. By synchronizing triboelectric and piezoresistive signals, this device differentiates between mechanical touch and environmental moisture, offering high sensitivity and real‐time signal decoupling ...
Nebiyou Tadesse Debele, Tinsae Messay Abebaw, Yong Tae Park   +2 more
wiley   +1 more source