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Immunoglobulin Gene Transcription
Annual Review of Immunology, 1991Transcriptional regulation of the immunoglobulin (Ig) genes is one of the best-studied systems for understanding tissue-restricted gene control. Dissection of the Ig genes reveals that each contains multiple regulatory elements that are preferentially active in B lymphocytes. These include a promoter and one or more enhancer elements.
L M, Staudt, M J, Lenardo
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Immunoglobulin Gene Diversification
Annual Review of Genetics, 2005Three processes alter genomic sequence and structure at the immunoglobulin genes of B lymphocytes: gene conversion, somatic hypermutation, and class switch recombination. Though the molecular signatures of these processes differ, they occur by a shared pathway which is induced by targeted DNA deamination by a B cell–specific factor, activation induced
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Immunoglobulin Genes in Autoimmunity
International Archives of Allergy and Immunology, 1993The contribution of V germline genes and somatic mutation as well as the mechanism governing expression of the various V family genes in response to self-antigens are still unknown. Thus, we are still far from understanding the contribution and role of the B cell repertoire in human autoimmunity. Much of our current data on autoantibody gene repertoire
P S, Leung, M E, Gershwin
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Immunoglobulin genes in Primates
Molecular Immunology, 2018Five classes of immunoglobulins are known to exist in mammals. The number of isotypes of classes G, E and A varies among species for unknown reasons. Here, a study of the presence of immunoglobulin genes in Primates was carried out from the genomes and transcriptomes deposited in the NCBI repository.
David N. Olivieri +1 more
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The immunoglobulins and immunoglobulin genes of swine
Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology, 1994The historical works describing the characterization of swine immunoglobulins are reviewed. The three major isotypes, IgM, IgA and IgG, have been recognized for 25 years and their concentrations in various body fluids, the location of the plasma cells throughout the body which synthesize them and their transport into lacteal secretions and absorption ...
J E, Butler, W R, Brown
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Equine immunoglobulins and organization of immunoglobulin genes
Developmental & Comparative Immunology, 2015Our understanding of how equine immunoglobulin genes are organized has increased significantly in recent years. For equine heavy chains, 52 IGHV, 40 IGHD, 8 IGHJ and 11 IGHC are present. Seven of these IGHCs are gamma chain genes. Sequence diversity is increasing between fetal, neonatal, foal and adult age.
Stefanie, Walther +3 more
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Immunoglobulin mRNA and Immunoglobulin Genes
1976The genetic origin of antibody diversity has been a subject of much thought and controversy over the past 20 years. Extensive studies of immunoglobulins, particularly at the amino acid sequence level, have provided us with a general scheme of the genetic loci which encode antibody molecules (Fig. 1).
C. Milstein +5 more
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Immunoglobulin Gene Diversification by Gene Conversion
1993Publisher Summary This chapter discusses recent advances in the study of gene conversion, primarily in the chicken, and on current models for the molecular mechanism of this form of somatic gene conversion. Most of the higher vertebrates, including teleost fish, the amphibian Xenopus, the reptile Caiman, and most of the mammalian species studied ...
W T, McCormack +2 more
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