Results 31 to 40 of about 931,040 (332)
RNA-Dependent Cysteine Biosynthesis in Bacteria and Archaea
mBio, 2017 The diversity of the genetic code systems used by microbes on earth is yet to be elucidated. It is known that certain methanogenic archaea employ an alternative system for cysteine (Cys) biosynthesis and encoding; tRNACys is first acylated with ...
Takahito Mukai +5 more
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Biomolecules, 2018 The 11th IUBMB Focused Meeting on Aminoacyl-tRNA Synthetases was held in Clearwater Beach, Florida from 29 October–2 November 2017, with the aim of presenting the latest research on these enzymes and promoting interchange among aminoacyl-tRNA ...
Christopher Francklyn +2 more
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Life, 2017 The methods for establishing synthetic lifeforms with rewritten genetic codes comprising non-canonical amino acids (NCAA) in addition to canonical amino acids (CAA) include proteome-wide replacement of CAA, insertion through suppression of nonsense codon, and insertion via the pyrrolysine and selenocysteine pathways.
Xue, Hong, Wong, Jeffrey Tze Fei
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Gaussian-Distributed Codon Frequencies of Genomes
G3: Genes, Genomes, Genetics, 2019 DNA encodes protein primary structure using 64 different codons to specify 20 different amino acids and a stop signal. Frequencies of codon occurrence when ordered in descending sequence provide a global characterization of a genome’s preference (bias ...
Bohdan B. Khomtchouk, Wolfgang Nonner
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Understanding the Genetic Code [PDF]
Journal of Bacteriology, 2019 The universal triple-nucleotide genetic code is often viewed as a given, randomly selected through evolution. However, as summarized in this article, many observations and deductions within structural and thermodynamic frameworks help to explain the forces that must have shaped the code during the early evolution of life on Earth.
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Origins and Early Evolution of the tRNA Molecule
Life, 2015 Modern transfer RNAs (tRNAs) are composed of ~76 nucleotides and play an important role as “adaptor” molecules that mediate the translation of information from messenger RNAs (mRNAs). Many studies suggest that the contemporary full-length tRNA was formed
Koji Tamura
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Analysis of amino acids network based on transition and transversion mutation of codons [PDF]
Network Biology, 2021 In this paper, we have developed a network of 20 amino acids based on a distance matrix of amino acids. This distance matrix is obtained by considering the transition and transversion mutation of codons.
Tazid Ali, Chandra Borah
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Chirality in a quaternionic representation of the genetic code [PDF]
, 2015 A quaternionic representation of the genetic code, previously reported by the authors, is updated in order to incorporate chirality of nucleotide bases and amino acids.
Carlevaro, C. Manuel +2 more
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Life, 2016 We have previously proposed that tRNAGly was the first tRNA and glycine was the first amino acid incorporated into the genetic code. The next two amino acids incorporated would have been the other two small hydrophilic amino acids serine and aspartic ...
Harold S. Bernhardt
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Proceedings of the Japan Academy, Series B, 2008 In 1985, we reported that a bacterium, Mycoplasma capricolum, used a deviant genetic code, namely UGA, a "universal" stop codon, was read as tryptophan. This finding, together with the deviant nuclear genetic codes in not a few organisms and a number of mitochondria, shows that the genetic code is not universal, and is in a state of evolution.
Syozo Osawa +3 more
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