Results 101 to 110 of about 131,815 (313)

Extracellular ATP/adenosine dynamics in the brain and its role in health and disease

Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology
Extracellular ATP and adenosine are neuromodulators that regulate numerous neuronal functions in the brain. Neuronal activity and brain insults such as ischemic and traumatic injury upregulate these neuromodulators, which exert their effects by ...
Eiji Shigetomi, Eiji Shigetomi, Kent Sakai, Kent Sakai, Schuichi Koizumi, Schuichi Koizumi   +5 more
doaj   +1 more source

NG2-glia and their functions in the central nervous system.

, 2015
In the central nervous system, NG2-glia represent a neural cell population that is distinct from neurons, astrocytes, and oligodendrocytes. While in the past the main role ascribed to these cells was that of progenitors for oligodendrocytes, in the last ...
L. Dimou, Gallo, V., V. Gallo, Gallo, Vittorio, Dimou, L.   +4 more
core   +1 more source

Region Specific miRNA–mRNA Networks in Gray and White Matter Lesions of Progressive Multiple Sclerosis

Annals of Clinical and Translational Neurology, EarlyView.
ABSTRACT Objective Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a neurodegenerative demyelinating disease of the central nervous system. This study aimed to identify micro‐RNA (miRNA)–mRNA regulatory networks underlying region‐specific molecular mechanisms in white matter and gray matter lesions in progressive MS.
Adya Sapra, Nagendra K. Rai, Timothy D. Niepokny, Haley Courtney, Ajai Tripathi, Ranjan Dutta   +5 more
wiley   +1 more source

In vivo identification of neural stem cells in the enteric nervous system [PDF]

, 2010
The enteric nervous system (ENS) in vertebrates is derived from neural crest cells which emerge during embryogenesis from the hindbrain and, following stereotypical migratory pathways, colonize the entire gastrointestinal tract.
Laranjeira, C.S.T.
core  

CSF Cytokine Network Organization Predicts Progression Independent of Relapse and MRI Activity in Multiple Sclerosis

Annals of Clinical and Translational Neurology, EarlyView.
ABSTRACT Objective Progression independent of relapse activity is a major determinant of long‐term disability in multiple sclerosis, but its immunopathologic basis remains incompletely understood. We investigated whether relapse‐independent progression in radiologically stable relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis is associated with distinct ...
Antonio Bruno, Matteo Conti, Ettore Dolcetti, Federica Azzolini, Angela Borrelli, Roberta Fantozzi, Mario Stampanoni Bassi, Giovanni Galifi, Giuseppe Maccarrone, Luca Montaguti, Marco Cervigni, Maddalena Dal Pozzo, Roberto Furlan, Annamaria Finardi, Girolama Alessandra Marfia, Marco Salvetti, Antonella Conte, Fabio Buttari, Diego Centonze, Luana Gilio   +19 more
wiley   +1 more source

Astrocyte-specific deletion of ceruloplasmin exacerbates oxidative stress and demyelination in the spinal cord in a murine model of multiple sclerosis

Neurobiology of Disease
Astrocytic iron metabolism is essential for maintaining central nervous system (CNS) homeostasis, particularly in the context of neurodegenerative and demyelinating disorders such as multiple sclerosis (MS).
Karishma G. Kedari, Zachary Smith, Veronica T. Cheli, Jazmin G. Corral, Congying Wang, Pablo M. Paez   +5 more
doaj   +1 more source

Effect of temperature and glia in brain size enlargement and origin of allometric body-brain size scaling in vertebrates [PDF]

, 2014
Background: Brain signaling requires energy. The cost of maintaining and supporting energetically demanding neurons is the key constraint on brain size.
Feng, Jianfeng, Jianfeng Feng, Sachdev, Robert, Karbowski, Jan, Yu, Yuguo, Jan Karbowski, Yuguo Yu, Robert NS Sachdev   +7 more
core   +2 more sources

Evaluation of Dried Plasma Spot‐Based Quantification of Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein as a Disease‐Associated Biomarker in Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder

Annals of Clinical and Translational Neurology, EarlyView.
ABSTRACT Objective To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) measured in dried plasma spots versus conventional plasma‐ and serum‐GFAP testing for assessment of disease severity in aquaporin‐4 immunoglobulin G–positive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (AQP4‐IgG+ NMOSD).
Felix Wohlrab, Evelyn Alvarez, Roua Hamdi, Bingqing Zhang, Hayeun Ji, Niyati Jhaveri, Patrick Schindler, Pedro Sanchez, Pia S. Sperber, Tanja Schmitz‐Hübsch, Frederike C. Oertel, Nisa Vorasoot, Najib Kissani, Falko Böhringer, Jens Kuhle, Anne‐Katrin Pröbstel, Xiao‐Jun Ma, Péter Körtvelyessy, Patrick Waters, Friedemann Paul   +19 more
wiley   +1 more source

Glia

, 2017
Essential introduction to glial cells with emphasis on astrocytes, microglia and their interplay in reactive astrogliosis.
openaire   +2 more sources

Glia, Adenosine, and Sleep [PDF]

Neuron, 2009
Sleep is regulated by a homeostatic process that has long been thought to involve adenosine (AD) originating from neurons. In this issue of Neuron, Halassa et al. present evidence that sleep homeostasis depends upon gliotransmission and associated accumulation of AD that dampens neuronal excitability.
openaire   +2 more sources