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The Matrix Receptor CD44 Is Present in Astrocytes throughout the Human Central Nervous System and Accumulates in Hypoxia and Seizures

Cells
In the mammalian isocortex, CD44, a cell surface receptor for extracellular matrix molecules, is present in pial-based and fibrous astrocytes of white matter but not in protoplasmic astrocytes.
Osama Al-Dalahmah, Alexander A. Sosunov, Yu Sun, Yang Liu, Nacoya Madden, E. Sander Connolly, Carol M. Troy, Guy M. McKhann, James E. Goldman   +8 more
doaj   +1 more source

Astrocyte proliferation following stroke in the mouse depends on distance from the infarct. [PDF]

PLoS ONE, 2011
Reactive gliosis is a hallmark of brain pathology and the injury response, yet the extent to which astrocytes proliferate, and whether this is central to astrogliosis is still controversial.
George E Barreto, Xiaoyun Sun, Lijun Xu, Rona G Giffard   +3 more
doaj   +1 more source

Astrocytes in chronic pain and itch

Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 2019
Astrocytes are critical for maintaining the homeostasis of the CNS. Increasing evidence suggests that a number of neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders, including chronic pain, may result from astrocyte ‘gliopathy’.
R. Ji, Christopher R. Donnelly, M. Nedergaard   +2 more
semanticscholar   +1 more source

Active sulforhodamine 101 uptake into hippocampal astrocytes.

PLoS ONE, 2012
Sulforhodamine 101 (SR101) is widely used as a marker of astrocytes. In this study we investigated labeling of astrocytes by SR101 in acute slices from the ventrolateral medulla and the hippocampus of transgenic mice expressing EGFP under the control of ...
Christian Schnell, Yohannes Hagos, Swen Hülsmann   +2 more
doaj   +1 more source

An Efficient Platform for Astrocyte Differentiation from Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

Stem Cell Reports, 2017
Summary: Growing evidence implicates the importance of glia, particularly astrocytes, in neurological and psychiatric diseases. Here, we describe a rapid and robust method for the differentiation of highly pure populations of replicative astrocytes from ...
Julia TCW, Minghui Wang, Anna A. Pimenova, Kathryn R. Bowles, Brigham J. Hartley, Emre Lacin, Saima I. Machlovi, Rawan Abdelaal, Celeste M. Karch, Hemali Phatnani, Paul A. Slesinger, Bin Zhang, Alison M. Goate, Kristen J. Brennand   +13 more
doaj   +1 more source

Astrocytes are necessary for blood-brain barrier maintenance in the adult mouse brain

bioRxiv, 2020
In the adult brain, multiple cell types are known to produce factors that regulate blood-brain barrier properties, including astrocytes. Yet several recent studies disputed a role for mature astrocytes at the blood-brain barrier.
Benjamin P. Heithoff, Kijana K. George, Aubrey N. Phares, Ivan A. Zuidhoek, Carmen Muñoz-Ballester, S. Robel   +5 more
semanticscholar   +1 more source

PHLPP1 regulates region-specific astroglial mitochondrial fission in response to oxidative stress in the male rat hippocampus

Scientific Reports
Astrocytes have specialized functions depending on their localization. This region-dependent heterogeneity of astrocytes shows marked difference in astroglial responses to various stimuli.
Ji-Eun Kim, Su Hyeon Wang, Tae-Cheon Kang   +2 more
doaj   +1 more source

Quick Access to Human Astrocytic Software that Drives Neuronal Hardware

Stem Cell Reports, 2018
Astrocytes have important functions in the brain and their deregulation may cause disease. Current ways to derive astrocytes from pluripotent stem cells are labor, time, and resource intensive, but in this issue of Stem Cell Reports, Li et al.
Anders Lundin, Anna Falk
doaj   +1 more source

Astrocytes rescue neuronal health after cisplatin treatment through mitochondrial transfer

Acta Neuropathologica Communications, 2020
Neurodegenerative disorders, including chemotherapy-induced cognitive impairment, are associated with neuronal mitochondrial dysfunction. Cisplatin, a commonly used chemotherapeutic, induces neuronal mitochondrial dysfunction in vivo and in vitro ...
Krystal English, Andrew Shepherd, Ndidi-Ese Uzor, Ronnie Trinh, Annemieke Kavelaars, Cobi J. Heijnen   +5 more
doaj   +1 more source

Astrocytes Regulate Neuronal Network Burst Frequency Through NMDA Receptors in a Species- and Donor-Specific Manner

Biological Psychiatry Global Open Science
Background: Development of synaptic activity is a key neuronal characteristic that relies largely on interactions between neurons and astrocytes. Although astrocytes have known roles in regulating synaptic function and malfunction, the use of human- or ...
Noora Räsänen, Jari Tiihonen, Marja Koskuvi, Šárka Lehtonen, Nelli Jalkanen, Nelli Karmila, Isabelle Weert, Olli Vaurio, Ilkka Ojansuu, Markku Lähteenvuo, Olli Pietiläinen, Jari Koistinaho   +11 more
doaj   +1 more source