Results 31 to 40 of about 380,989 (342)

β-lactolin, a Monoamine Oxidase B Inhibitory Lactopeptide, Suppresses Reactive Oxygen Species Production in Lipopolysaccharide-Stimulated Astrocytes

Applied Sciences, 2021
Astrocytes are known to regulate normal brain function. Monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B), an enzyme highly expressed in astrocytes, metabolizes dopamine (DA) and induces reactive oxygen species (ROS) production.
Shiori Akiyama, Tatsuhiro Ayabe, Chika Takahashi, Rena Ohya, Yasuhisa Ano   +4 more
doaj   +1 more source

Astrocytic LRP1 mediates brain Aβ clearance and impacts amyloid deposition [PDF]

, 2017
Accumulation and deposition of amyloid-β (Aβ) in the brain represent an early and perhaps necessary step in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD).
Bu, Guojun, Cirrito, John R, Holtzman, David M, Hu, Jin, Kanekiyo, Takahisa, Liu, Chia-Chen, Na, Wang, Wang, Jian, Zhao, Na   +8 more
core   +2 more sources

Metabolic Changes Following Perinatal Asphyxia: Role of Astrocytes and Their Interaction with Neurons [PDF]

, 2016
Perinatal Asphyxia (PA) represents an important cause of severe neurological deficits including delayed mental and motor development, epilepsy, major cognitive deficits and blindness.
Barreto, George E., Capani, Francisco, Castilla Lozano, Maria del Rocio, Holubiec, Mariana Ines, Logica Tornatore, Tamara Maite Ayelén, Riviere, Stephanie   +5 more
core   +1 more source

Fast Generation of Functional Subtype Astrocytes from Human Pluripotent Stem Cells

Stem Cell Reports, 2018
Summary: Differentiation of astrocytes from human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) is a tedious and variable process. This hampers the study of hPSC-generated astrocytes in disease processes and drug development.
Xiang Li, Yezheng Tao, Robert Bradley, Zhongwei Du, Yunlong Tao, Linghai Kong, Yi Dong, Jeffrey Jones, Yuanwei Yan, Cole R.K. Harder, Lindsay Morgan Friedman, Magd Bilal, Brianna Hoffmann, Su-Chun Zhang   +13 more
doaj   +1 more source

Astrocytic Ion Dynamics: Implications for Potassium Buffering and Liquid Flow [PDF]

, 2019
We review modeling of astrocyte ion dynamics with a specific focus on the implications of so-called spatial potassium buffering, where excess potassium in the extracellular space (ECS) is transported away to prevent pathological neural spiking.
A Destexhe, A Louveau, A R Gardner-Medwin, AJ Smith, AS Thrane, B Frankenhaeuser, B Lu, BJ Tully, BV Safronov, C Nicholson, C Silberstein, CL Lopreore, CS Furman, DD Wang, E Lothman, E Syková, EA Newman, EA Newman, EH Park, ER Kandel, G Cordingley, G Einevoll, G Florence, G Halnes, G Halnes, G Rutkowska, G Ullah, Geir Halnes, Geir Halnes, GG Somjen, GG Somjen, H Kager, H Kager, H Zhang, HD Lux, I Østby, I. Dietzel, J Keyser De, J Pods, J Sibille, J Tong, J Ziburkus, JC Vardakis, JJ Iliff, JONATHAN A. COLES, JS Jung, K Støverud, K. Baber, KC Chen, L Hertz, L Odette, L Xie, L Øyehaug, M Amiry-Moghaddam, M Bai, M Hashido, M Léonetti, M Nedergaard, MA Biot, Matti Hämäläinen, MS Jensen, N Hübel, N Kríz, N Macaulay, N Qian, NN Haj-Yasein, NN Haj-Yasein, P Kofuji, Paul L. Nunez, PM Nanninga, R Enger, RK Orkand, Rune Enger, SB Hladky, T Grisar, Tina Pangršič, Y Zhang   +76 more
core   +2 more sources

Induction of Survival of Motor Neuron (SMN) Protein Deficiency in Spinal Astrocytes by Small Interfering RNA as an In Vitro Model of Spinal Muscular Atrophy

Cells, 2022
Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is a motor neuron disorder leading to progressive loss of ventral horn neurons resulting in muscle wasting. Here we investigate the contribution of spinal astrocytes to the pathogenesis of late-onset SMA forms using a mouse ...
Markus Leo, Linda-Isabell Schmitt, Michael Fleischer, Rebecca Steffen, Cora Osswald, Christoph Kleinschnitz, Tim Hagenacker   +6 more
doaj   +1 more source

Inhibition of STAT3 phosphorylation attenuates impairments in learning and memory in 5XFAD mice, an animal model of Alzheimer's disease

Journal of Pharmacological Sciences, 2020
The pathophysiological roles of astrocytes in the reactive state are thought to have important significance in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease (AD).
Moonseok Choi, Hyunju Kim, Eun-Jeong Yang, Hye-Sun Kim   +3 more
doaj   +1 more source

Astrocyte morphology

Trends in Cell Biology
Astrocytes are predominant glial cells that tile the central nervous system (CNS). A cardinal feature of astrocytes is their complex and visually enchanting morphology, referred to as bushy, spongy, and star-like. A central precept of this review is that such complex morphological shapes evolved to allow astrocytes to contact and signal with diverse ...
Baldwin, Katherine T, Murai, Keith K, Khakh, Baljit S   +2 more
openaire   +4 more sources

Impairment of the autophagic flux in astrocytes intoxicated by trimethyltin [PDF]

, 2015
Autophagy is a lysosomal catabolic route for protein aggregates and damaged organelles which in different stress conditions, such as starvation, generally improves cell survival.
Catizone, Angiolina, De Vito, S, Fabrizi, C, Fornai, F, Fumagalli, Lorenzo, Lenzi, P, Pompili, Elena, Ricci, G, Somma, Francesca   +8 more
core   +2 more sources

Unperturbed posttranscriptional regulatory Rev protein function and HIV-1 replication in astrocytes.

PLoS ONE, 2014
Astrocytes protect neurons, but also evoke proinflammatory responses to injury and viral infections, including HIV. There is a prevailing notion that HIV-1 Rev protein function in astrocytes is perturbed, leading to restricted viral replication.
Ashok Chauhan
doaj   +1 more source