Results 261 to 270 of about 132,770 (306)

Grain Refinement of Steels

JOM, 1963
The possible advantages and mechanisms of obtaining grain refinement in carbon, low-, and high-alloy steels are reviewed. The role of vibration and the addition of materials to provide heterogeneous nuclei formation and grain growth inhibition are discussed. The effect of composition on the solidification of steels is described.
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Whole Grains, Refined Grains, and Gluten

2018
What are cereal grains and “pseudograins”? Grains like wheat, corn, oats, and rice are cereal grasses, the fruit or seed of the grass family; many grains are thus referred to as “cereals.” Some plants from the broadleaf family, like amaranth, buckwheat, and quinoa, are...
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Optimisation of Grain Refinement

2016
Considerable progress has been made in recent years with the optimisation of grain refinement practice. In the past this could only be done by trial and error which is time consuming and far from ideal. More recently it has been possible to study and quantify the various factors affecting grain refinement including melt nucleation level, growth ...
Rein Vainik, John Courtenay, Bader Saglam   +2 more
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Grain Refinement in Undercooled Metals

MRS Proceedings, 1997
ABSTRACTRecently, it was demonstrated that grain refinement in metals can take place through two mechanisms, namely, dynamic nucleation and remelting of initially formed dendrites. In this study, it was found that Ni99.45B0.55 undergoes grain refinement, both by dynamic nucleation or by remelting, depending on the initial bulk undercooling just before ...
J. Z. Xiao, H. Yang, H. W. Kui
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Grain refinement of steel castings

JOM, 1967
Titanium inoculation has been shown to be capable of refining the as cast structure of AISI 4335 steel. This refinement consists of changing axed grains and reducing the spacing of the secondary dendrite arms. the structure from columnar to equi-When this steel is heat treated to high strength levels (250,000 psi tensile strength) by conventional ...
Peter F. Wieser, John F. Wallace, N. Church   +2 more
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Grain Refining of Pure Aluminum

2012
Grain refiners are currently used in casting aluminum alloys to reduce the grain size and to produce equiaxed grains during solidification of the alloys. Using inoculants to refine grains makes alloys castable but produces several disadvantages, including particle agglomerates, local defects, and impurities.
L. Han, C. Vian, J. Song, Z. Liu, Q. Han, C. Xu, L. Shao   +6 more
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Grain refinement in electrogalvanized coatings

Materials Characterization, 2003
Abstract The effects of grain-refining additives on the morphology and surface roughness of zinc deposits plated at 80 A/dm 2 is presented. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) images show zinc deposits plated without additives are rough and are not of commercial quality.
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Microstructures and grain refinement performance of Al–Ti–B–C grain refiner via powder metallurgy

Rare Metals, 2015
Abstract The Al‐5Ti‐0.5B‐0.5C grain refiner was prepared by powder metallurgy (PM). Microstructures of the grain refiner and its grain refinement performance in commercially pure aluminum (Al) were investigated by X‐ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and differential scanning calorimetry ...
Cong Xu, Wen‐Long Xiao, Shi‐Zhen Wen, Yue‐Jun Zhen, Chao‐Li Ma   +4 more
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Effect of La on Microstructure and Grain-Refining Performance of Al-Ti-C Grain Refiner

Journal of Rare Earths, 2006
Abstract Al-Ti-C grain refiner was prepared by SHS (self-propagating high-temperature synthesis)-melting technique. The effect of La on the microstructures of grain refiner was studied by OM, TEM, SEM, XRD, and EDS. The experimental results indicate that La can improve the wettability between liquid aluminum and graphite; the addition of La results ...
Chunxiang Xu, Liping Liang, Binfeng Lu, Jinshan Zhang, Wei Liang   +4 more
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Microstructure and formation mechanism of grain-refining particles in Al-Ti-C-RE grain refiners

Journal of Rare Earths, 2015
Abstract The Al-5Ti-0.2C-based grain refiners with different contents of rare earth (RE) were successfully prepared via powder metallurgy and vacuum casting. The microstructural evolution has been studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM).
Cong XU, Wenlong XIAO, Weitao ZHAO, Wenhong WANG, Hanada Shuji, Yamagata Hiroshi, Chaoli MA   +6 more
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