Results 51 to 60 of about 3,121 (204)
MedComm, Volume 7, Issue 2, February 2026.Neurons, immune cells, and other cellular components within the disease microenvironment (such as stromal cells and tumor cells) constitute a dynamically evolving ecosystem. Neurons directly modulate immune cell activity and inflammatory responses through the release of neurotransmitters (e.g., norepinephrine and CGRP), while also promoting tumor ...
Xin Guo +11 more
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Hilar GABAergic interneuron activity controls spatial learning and memory retrieval. [PDF]
PLoS ONE, 2012 Although extensive research has demonstrated the importance of excitatory granule neurons in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus in normal learning and memory and in the pathogenesis of amnesia in Alzheimer's disease (AD), the role of hilar GABAergic ...
Yaisa Andrews-Zwilling +13 more
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Biomedicines, 2023 The lateral habenula (LHb) and the ventral tegmental area (VTA), which form interconnected circuits, have important roles in the crucial control of sensory and cognitive motifs.
Mobina Alemi +5 more
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Optoelectronic Interfaces for Nongenetic Modulation of Excitable Tissues
Small Methods, Volume 10, Issue 3, 9 February 2026.This review summarizes recent advances in nongenetic optoelectronic technologies for the modulation of excitable biotissues, covering material selection, device design, and working principles, as well as characterization methods. Representative applications in in vitro and in vivo models of the cardiac, central, and peripheral nervous systems are ...
Qi Wang, Jinghua Li
wiley +1 more source
Stabilized Ion Selectivity Corrects Activation Drift in Kalium Channelrhodopsins
Advanced Science, Volume 13, Issue 6, 30 January 2026.As newly emerged optogenetic tools, potassium channelrhodopsins (KCRs) can drift from inhibition to activation during illumination as K⁺ selectivity declines. It is shown that both the absolute K⁺/Na⁺ permeability ratio and its stability over time govern this drift, identify KCR1‐C29D as a reliably inhibitory variant, and outline design principles for ...
Xiao Duan +14 more
wiley +1 more source
Molecular Brain, 2020 The amygdala plays an important role in the emotional-affective aspects of behaviors and pain, but can also modulate sensory aspect of pain (“nociception”), likely through coupling to descending modulatory systems.
Guangchen Ji, Volker Neugebauer
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The Journal of Headache and Pain, 2023 The significance of hyperactive astrocytes in neuropathic pain is crucial. However, the association between medullary astrocytes and trigeminal neuralgia (TN)-related pain processing is unclear.
Elina KC +3 more
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Analogies between halorhodopsin and bacteriorhodopsin
Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Bioenergetics, 2000 The light-activated proton-pumping bacteriorhodopsin and chloride ion-pumping halorhodopsin are compared. They belong to the family of retinal proteins, with 25% amino acid sequence homology. Both proteins have seven alpha helices across the membrane, surrounding the retinal binding pocket. Photoexcitation of all-trans retinal leads to ion transporting
openaire +2 more sources
Addiction Biology, Volume 31, Issue 1, January 2026.ABSTRACT The insular cortex (IC) is known to underlie drug seeking and relapse for multiple drug classes, yet the precise role the IC plays in opioid use disorder (OUD) remains unclear. In preclinical models of OUD, inhibition of the IC has produced conflicting results, such that in some cases the IC seems to promote opioid seeking whereas in others ...
Rachel E. Clarke +8 more
wiley +1 more source
Microbial light-activatable proton pumps as neuronal inhibitors to functionally dissect neuronal networks in C. elegans. [PDF]
PLoS ONE, 2012 Essentially any behavior in simple and complex animals depends on neuronal network function. Currently, the best-defined system to study neuronal circuits is the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, as the connectivity of its 302 neurons is exactly known ...
Steven J Husson +5 more
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