Results 231 to 240 of about 14,401 (279)
Some of the next articles are maybe not open access.
Academic Medicine, 1999
Many clinical decisions are made in uncertainty. When the diagnosis is uncertain, the goal is to establish a diagnosis or to treat even if the diagnosis remains unknown. If the diagnosis is known (e.g., breast cancer or prostate cancer) but the treatment is risky and its outcome uncertain, still a choice must be made.
openaire +2 more sources
Many clinical decisions are made in uncertainty. When the diagnosis is uncertain, the goal is to establish a diagnosis or to treat even if the diagnosis remains unknown. If the diagnosis is known (e.g., breast cancer or prostate cancer) but the treatment is risky and its outcome uncertain, still a choice must be made.
openaire +2 more sources
2014
The field of judgment and decision-making is characterized by three types of “models”: normative, prescriptive, and descriptive. Normative models provide standards for evaluation of judgments and decisions. Descriptive models are psychological accounts of how people either conform or depart from these models systematically (i.e., have biases ...
openaire +1 more source
The field of judgment and decision-making is characterized by three types of “models”: normative, prescriptive, and descriptive. Normative models provide standards for evaluation of judgments and decisions. Descriptive models are psychological accounts of how people either conform or depart from these models systematically (i.e., have biases ...
openaire +1 more source
Approaches for heuristically biasing RRT growth
Proceedings 2003 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS 2003) (Cat. No.03CH37453), 2004This paper presents several modifications to the basic rapidly-exploring random tree (RRT) search algorithm. The fundamental idea is to utilize a heuristic quality function to guide the search. Results from a relevant simulation experiment illustrate the benefit and drawbacks of the developed algorithms.
Chris Urmson, Reid G. Simmons
openaire +2 more sources
Heuristics and Biases: Implications for Security Design
IEEE Technology and Society Magazine, 2013Failures of security technology are often attributed to individual fault. The lack of adoption of privacy enhancing technologies is explained as a societal failure, i.e., that people don't care. Security designers consider the individual user to be rational, certain, and self-optimizing. Thus, academic and practitioner efforts have focused on incentive
Vaibhav Garg, L. Jean Camp
openaire +1 more source
Heuristics, biases, and the regulation of risk
Policy Sciences, 1999Research by cognitive psychologists has led to the identification of systematic deviations from rationality – termed heuristics and biases – in people's judgment and decision making. These heuristics and biases form the core of behavioral decision theory, a descriptively accurate model of human judgment and choice. This article describes key heuristics
openaire +1 more source
Heuristics and Biases in Bankruptcy Judges
Journal of Institutional and Theoretical Economics, 2007»Vielmehr bietet [der Kommentar] auf höchstem Niveau eine substantielle Auseinandersetzung mit den Hintergründen, den Zusammenhängen, der Theorie und der Praxis des Grundgesetzes. Besseres lässt sich von einem Verfassungskommentar nicht sagen.“ Herbert Günther Staaatsanzeiger für das Land Hessen 2018 (50), 1494 ...
openaire +1 more source
Heuristics and biases − a biased perspective on clinical reasoning
Medical Education, 2005Kevin W, Eva, Geoffrey R, Norman
openaire +2 more sources
The Upside of Heuristics and Biases
Abstract This chapter explores the positive impacts of heuristics and biases by highlighting their essential roles in human survival and adaptation. While previous chapters focused on the negative aspects of these cognitive mechanisms, this chapter emphasizes their benefits in efficient and effective decision-making.openaire +1 more source