Results 71 to 80 of about 1,418 (178)

Two types of highly ordered micro- and macrochromosome arrangement in metaphase plates of butterflies (Lepidoptera) [PDF]

Comparative Cytogenetics, 2019
In karyotype of many organisms, chromosomes form two distinct size groups: macrochromosomes and microchromosomes. During cell divisions, the position of the macro- and microchromosomes is often ordered within metaphase plate. In many reptiles, amphibians,
Vladimir A. Lukhtanov
doaj   +2 more sources

The polyploid continuum and the landscape of polyploid genomic variation

American Journal of Botany, Volume 112, Issue 11, November 2025.
Abstract Polyploid research has traditionally distinguished between autopolyploids and allopolyploids on the basis of evolutionary origins, modes of inheritance, or chromosomal pairing behavior during meiosis. It has long been recognized, however, that a binary classification does not accurately reflect the complexity and diversity inherent to ...
Alex D. Twyford, Justin L. Conover, Jeff J. Doyle, Annaliese S. Mason, Douglas E. Soltis, Pamela S. Soltis, Jonathan F. Wendel   +6 more
wiley   +1 more source

CenH3 distribution reveals extended centromeres in the model beetle Tribolium castaneum.

PLoS Genetics, 2020
Centromeres are chromosomal domains essential for kinetochore assembly and correct chromosome segregation. Inconsistent in their underlying DNA sequences, centromeres are defined epigenetically by the presence of the centromere-specific histone H3 ...
Tena Gržan, Evelin Despot-Slade, Nevenka Meštrović, Miroslav Plohl, Brankica Mravinac   +4 more
doaj   +1 more source

Genome Architecture and Speciation in Plants and Animals

Molecular Ecology, Volume 34, Issue 22, November 2025.
ABSTRACT There have been numerous treatments of specific topics in speciation, but surprisingly few papers have compared patterns and processes of speciation across different organismal groups. In this review, we partially address this gap by asking how variation in genome architecture impacts speciation across the plant and animal kingdoms.
Silu Wang, Judith E. Mank, Daniel Ortiz‐Barrientos, Loren H. Rieseberg   +3 more
wiley   +1 more source

RepeatOBserver: Tandem Repeat Visualisation and Putative Centromere Detection

Molecular Ecology Resources, Volume 25, Issue 7, October 2025.
ABSTRACT Tandem repeats play an important role in centromere structure, subtelomeric regions, DNA methylation, recombination and the regulation of gene activity. Analysis of their distribution in genomes offers a potential means for predicting putative centromere locations, which continues to be a challenge for genome annotation.
Cassandra Elphinstone, Rob Elphinstone, Marco Todesco, Loren H. Rieseberg   +3 more
wiley   +1 more source

Ribosomal DNA clusters and telomeric (TTAGG)n repeats in blue butterflies (Lepidoptera, Lycaenidae) with low and high chromosome numbers

Comparative Cytogenetics, 2015
Ribosomal DNA clusters and telomeric repeats are important parts of eukaryotic genome. However, little is known about their organization and localization in karyotypes of organisms with holocentric chromosomes.
Alisa O. Vershinina, Boris A. Anokhin, Vladimir A. Lukhtanov   +2 more
doaj   +1 more source

Factors determining chromosomal localization of transposable elements in plants

Plant Biology, Volume 27, Issue 6, Page 975-989, October 2025.
We review transposon chromosomal niches, and the functional consequences of their specific chromosomal localization in plants. Abstract Transposable elements (TEs) constitute a significant part of plant genomes and shape their genomic landscape. While some TEs are ubiquitously dispersed, other elements specifically occupy discrete genomic loci.
E. Kejnovsky, P. Jedlicka, M. Lexa, Z. Kubat   +3 more
wiley   +1 more source

Diverging repeatomes in holoparasitic Hydnoraceae uncover a playground of genome evolution

New Phytologist, Volume 247, Issue 3, Page 1520-1537, August 2025.
Summary The transition from an autotrophic to a heterotrophic lifestyle is associated with numerous genomic changes. These often involve large genomic alterations, potentially driven by repetitive DNAs. Despite their recognized role in shaping plant genomes, the contribution of repetitive DNAs to parasitic plant genome evolution remains largely ...
Woorin Kim, Nicola Schmidt, Matthias Jost, Elijah Mbandi Mkala, Sylke Winkler, Guangwan Hu, Tony Heitkam, Stefan Wanke   +7 more
wiley   +1 more source

Morphological and genomic characterization of Rhynchospora tenuis complex (Cyperaceae) and its taxonomic implications

Rodriguésia
Species of Rhynchospora sect. Tenues are morphologically very similar. Rhynchospora tenuis complex is the most problematic species complex in this group and it concentrates entities of difficult delimitation, as is the case of R. tenuis, R. tenuis subsp.
Vanessa Silva Michelan, Rafael Trevisan, Carlos Roberto Maximiano da Silva, Rogério Fernandes de Souza, Modesto Luceño, André Luís Laforga Vanzela   +5 more
doaj   +1 more source

Localization of 45S rDNA and telomeric sites on holocentric chromosomes of Rhynchospora tenuis Link (Cyperaceae)

Genetics and Molecular Biology, 2003
Rhynchospora tenuis Link (Cyperaceae) is a weed widely distributed in Brazil that presents a small number of holocentric chromosomes (2n = 4) with some autopolyploid populations (2n = 8). The haploid number n = 2 is considered as a derivative of the base
André L.L. Vanzela, Angeles Cuadrado, Marcelo Guerra   +2 more
doaj   +1 more source