Results 41 to 50 of about 19,365 (259)

Implicit measures of “wanting” and “liking” in humans [PDF]

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 2015
Incentive Sensitization Theory (IST; e.g., Robinson and Berridge, 1993. Brain Res. Rev., 18, 291; Robinson and Berridge, 2003 Trends Neurosci., 26, 507) suggests that a common dopamine system that deals with incentive salience attribution is affected by different types of drugs.
Tibboel, H., de Houwer, J., van Bockstaele, B.   +2 more
openaire   +4 more sources

Admixture Mapping Reveals Candidate Regions for Methotrexate Neurotoxicity Susceptibility: A Reducing Disparities in Acute Leukemia Consortium Report

Pediatric Blood &Cancer, EarlyView.
ABSTRACT Background Neurotoxicity is a rare, often dose‐limiting adverse effect of methotrexate (MTX) therapy that disproportionally affects Latino children. Factors contributing to the observed disparity are not well understood. This study leveraged admixture mapping to identify genetic regions associated with MTX‐related neurotoxicity susceptibility ...
Rachel D. Harris, Priya B. Shetty, Olga A. Taylor, Elizabeth G. Atkinson, Melissa A. Richard, M. Monica Gramatges, Mark Zobeck, Sandi Pruitt, Amy Hughes, M. Brooke Bernhardt, Ashley Chavana, Van Huynh, Kathleen Ludwig, Laura Klesse, Kenneth Heym, Timothy Griffin, Rodrigo Erana, Juan Carlos Bernini, Han Chen, Bing Yu, Philip J. Lupo, Karen R. Rabin, Michael E. Scheurer, Austin L. Brown, The REDIAL Consortium   +24 more
wiley   +1 more source

Guiding visual attention in deep convolutional neural networks based on human eye movements

Frontiers in Neuroscience, 2022
Deep Convolutional Neural Networks (DCNNs) were originally inspired by principles of biological vision, have evolved into best current computational models of object recognition, and consequently indicate strong architectural and functional parallelism ...
Leonard Elia van Dyck, Leonard Elia van Dyck, Sebastian Jochen Denzler, Walter Roland Gruber, Walter Roland Gruber   +4 more
doaj   +1 more source

A rubric for human-like agents and NeuroAI

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 2022
Researchers across cognitive, neuro- and computer sciences increasingly reference ‘human-like’ artificial intelligence and ‘neuroAI’. However, the scope and use of the terms are often inconsistent. Contributed research ranges widely from mimicking behaviour , to testing machine learning ...
openaire   +3 more sources

Ovarian Sex Cord Stromal Tumors in Children and Adolescents—The European Standard Clinical Practice Recommendations

Pediatric Blood &Cancer, EarlyView.
ABSTRACT As part of the European Cooperative Study Group for Paediatric Rare Tumours initiative, we developed standard clinical practice guidelines for ovarian sex cord stromal tumors, based on comprehensive national and international cohort analyses, literature review, and a final expert consensus conference.
Dominik T. Schneider, Kris‐Ann Schultz, Nora Schnitzler, Michael Abele, Tal Ben‐Ami, Ewa Bien, Gianni Bisogno, Ines B. Brecht, Maja Cesen, Andrea Ferrari, Michaela Kuhlen, Malgorzata A. Krawczyk, Ricardo Lopez‐Almaraz, Yves Reguerre, Calogero Virgone, Daniel Orbach   +15 more
wiley   +1 more source

Stimulus-category competition, inhibition and affective devaluation: A novel account of the Uncanny Valley

Frontiers in Psychology, 2015
Stimuli that resemble humans, but are not perfectly human-like, are disliked compared to distinctly human and nonhuman stimuli. Accounts of this Uncanny Valley effect often focus on how changes in human resemblance can evoke different emotional responses.
Anne E. Ferrey, Tyler J. Burleigh, Mark J. Fenske   +2 more
doaj   +1 more source

Is Human-Like Text Liked by Humans? Multilingual Human Detection and Preference Against AI

CoRR
Prior studies have shown that distinguishing text generated by Large Language Models (LLMs) from human-written one is highly challenging for humans, and often no better than random guessing. To verify the generalizability of this finding across languages and domains, we perform an extensive case study to identify the upper bound of human detection ...
Yuxia Wang 0003, Rui Xing 0002, Jonibek Mansurov, Giovanni Puccetti 0002, Zhuohan Xie, Minh Ngoc Ta, Jiahui Geng, Jinyan Su, Mervat Abassy, Saad El Dine Ahmed, Kareem Ashraf Elozeiri, Nurkhan Laiyk, Maiya Goloburda, Tarek Mahmoud, Raj Vardhan Tomar, Alexander Aziz, Ryuto Koike, Masahiro Kaneko, Artem Shelmanov, Ekaterina Artemova, Vladislav Mikhailov, Akim Tsvigun, Alham Fikri Aji, Nizar Habash, Iryna Gurevych, Preslav Nakov   +25 more
openaire   +2 more sources

A Human snoRNA with MicroRNA-Like Functions [PDF]

Molecular Cell, 2008
Small noncoding RNAs function in concert with Argonaute (Ago) proteins to regulate gene expression at the level of transcription, mRNA stability, or translation. Ago proteins bind small RNAs and form the core of silencing complexes. Here, we report the analysis of small RNAs associated with human Ago1 and Ago2 revealed by immunoprecipitation and deep ...
Ender, Christine, Krek, Azra, Friedländer, Marc R, Beitzinger, Michaela, Weinmann, Lasse, Chen, Wei, Pfeffer, Sebastien, Rajewsky, Nikolaus, Meister, Gunter   +8 more
openaire   +10 more sources

Natural Killer Cells in Paediatric Soft Tissue Sarcomas: A Systematic Review

Pediatric Blood &Cancer, EarlyView.
ABSTRACT Paediatric soft tissue sarcomas (pSTS) are a rare and heterogeneous group of malignant tumours arising in tissues of mesenchymal origin. The role of natural killer (NK) cells in pSTS remains poorly understood, with evidence fragmented across small preclinical studies and early‐phase clinical trials.
Raya Dean, Lara V. Graham, Christina Putnam, Rosa Gomes Alves Martins, Daniel T. Harding, Tim J. Underwood, Zoë S. Walters, Matthew D. Blunt   +7 more
wiley   +1 more source

The Impact of Perceived Human Likeness of ChatGPT on Continuous Use Intention: The Mediating Effects of Perceived Benefits/Risks and the Moderated Mediation Effects of AI Literacy

SAGE Open
This study examined the impact of perceived human likeness (i.e., cognitive and affective) in ChatGPT on users’ perceived benefits (i.e., utilitarian and emotional benefits) and risks (i.e., privacy concerns and AI anxiety), as well as how these factors ...
Se Jung Kim, Sheng Ji Jin, Yongkuk Chung
doaj   +1 more source