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International Forum of Allergy & Rhinology, 2014 BackgroundKnowledge of our immune system functions is critical for understanding allergic airway disease development as well as for selection of appropriate diagnostic and therapeutic options for patients with respiratory allergies.MethodsThis review explains the current understanding of the basic immunology of the upper airways and the pathophysiology
小林 栄治 +4 more
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T Cells Immunology in the Immunological Diseases [PDF]
Journal of Immunology Research, 2014 Immunological diseases, with the morbidity keeping increased, have become a major threat to human mental and physical health. However, the pathogenesis of these diseases is extremely complicated and remains unclear. Recent advances in biology have introduced new technologies to study the underlying mechanisms that contribute to the development of ...
Qifa Liu +3 more
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The Ambiguity in Immunology [PDF]
Frontiers in Immunology, 2012 In the present article, we discuss the various ambiguous aspects of the immune system that render this complex biological network so highly flexible and able to defend the host from different external invaders. This ambiguity stems mainly from the property of the immune system to be both protective and harmful.
BARNABA, Vincenzo +2 more
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The Journal of Immunology, 2005 AbstractLeptin is an adipokine which conveys information on energy availability. In humans, leptin influences energy homeostasis and regulates neuroendocrine function primarily in states of energy deficiency. As a cytokine, leptin also affects thymic homeostasis and, similar to other proinflammatory cytokines, leptin promotes Th1 cell differentiation ...
MATARESE, GIUSEPPE +2 more
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The Self Model and the Conception of Biological Identity in Immunology [PDF]
, 2005 The self/non-self model, first proposed by F.M. Burnet, has dominated immunology for sixty years now. According to this model, any foreign element will trigger an immune reaction in an organism, whereas endogenous elements will not, in normal ...
A.A. Freitas +69 more
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Advances in computational immunology [PDF]
, 2015 Published ...
Brusic, Vladimir +3 more
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