Results 51 to 60 of about 1,052,124 (265)

Stellar Initial Mass Function (IMF) Probed with Supernova Rates and Neutrino Background: Cosmic-average IMF Slope Is ≃2–3 Similar to the Salpeter IMF

The Astrophysical Journal, 2023
The stellar initial mass function (IMF) is expressed by ϕ ( m ) ∝ m ^− ^α with the slope α , and known as a poorly constrained but very important function in studies of star and galaxy formation. There are no sensible observational constraints on the IMF
Shohei Aoyama, Masami Ouchi, Yuichi Harikane   +2 more
doaj   +1 more source

Machine learning for identifying liver and pancreas cancers through comprehensive serum glycopeptide spectra analysis: a case‐control study

Molecular Oncology, EarlyView.
This study presents a novel AI‐based diagnostic approach—comprehensive serum glycopeptide spectra analysis (CSGSA)—that integrates tumor markers and enriched glycopeptides from serum. Using a neural network model, this method accurately distinguishes liver and pancreatic cancers from healthy individuals.
Motoyuki Kohjima, Yuko Takami, Ken Kawabe, Kazuhiro Tanabe, Chihiro Hayashi, Mikio Mikami, Tetsuya Kusumoto   +6 more
wiley   +1 more source

Early Enrichment Population Theory at High Redshift

The Astrophysical Journal
An early enrichment population (EEP) has been theorized to produce the observed intracluster medium (ICM) metallicity of galaxy clusters. This population likely existed at high redshifts ( z  ∼ 10), relics of which we posit exist today as dwarf galaxies.
Anne E. Blackwell, Joel N. Bregman
doaj   +1 more source

On the Mass Distribution of Stellar-Mass Black Holes

Open Astronomy, 2014
The observational stellar-mass black hole mass distribution exhibits a maximum at about 8 M⊙. It can be explained via the details of the massive star evolution, supernova explosions, or consequent black hole evolution.
Malkov O. Yu.
doaj   +1 more source

Nicotinamide N‐methyltransferase promotes drug resistance in lung cancer, as revealed by nascent proteomic profiling

Molecular Oncology, EarlyView.
AZD9291 has shown promise in targeted cancer therapy but is limited by resistance. In this study, we employed metabolic labeling and LC–MS/MS to profile time‐resolved nascent protein perturbations, allowing dynamic tracking of drug‐responsive proteins. We demonstrated that increased NNMT expression is associated with drug resistance, highlighting NNMT ...
Zhanwu Hou, Zhen Wang, Fei Yang, Xiao Han, Lei Li, Huadong Liu   +5 more
wiley   +1 more source

The Stellar Initial Mass Function of Early Dark Matter–free Gas Objects

The Astrophysical Journal Letters
Among the remarkable strides made by JWST is the discovery of the earliest star clusters found to date. These have been proposed as early progenitors of globular clusters, which are known to come from the early stages of star formation in the Universe ...
William Lake, Michael Y. Grudić, Smadar Naoz, Naoki Yoshida, Claire E. Williams, Blakesley Burkhart, Federico Marinacci, Mark Vogelsberger, Avi Chen   +8 more
doaj   +1 more source

Decrypting cancer's spatial code: from single cells to tissue niches

Molecular Oncology, EarlyView.
Spatial transcriptomics maps gene activity across tissues, offering powerful insights into how cancer cells are organised, switch states and interact with their surroundings. This review outlines emerging computational, artificial intelligence (AI) and geospatial approaches to define cell states, uncover tumour niches and integrate spatial data with ...
Cenk Celik, Shi Pan, Eloise Withnell, Hou Wang Lam, Maria Secrier   +4 more
wiley   +1 more source

Adaptaquin is selectively toxic to glioma stem cells through disruption of iron and cholesterol metabolism

Molecular Oncology, EarlyView.
Adaptaquin selectively kills glioma stem cells while sparing differentiated brain cells. Transcriptomic and proteomic analyses show Adaptaquin disrupts iron and cholesterol homeostasis, with iron chelation amplifying cytotoxicity via cholesterol depletion, mitochondrial dysfunction, and elevated reactive oxygen species.
Adrien M. Vaquié, Davod R. Shah, Eliane E. S. Brechbühl, Michael McNicholas, Zhaoyang Xu, John H. Stockley, Laura Morcom, Diana Gold Diaz, Gemma C. Girdler, Rachel V. Seear, Gabriel Balmus, Rajiv R. Ratan, Harry Bulstrode, James A. Nathan, Manav Pathania, Kevin M. Brindle, David H. Rowitch   +16 more
wiley   +1 more source

Planet Mass Function around M Stars at 1–10 au: A Plethora of Sub-Earth Mass Objects

The Astrophysical Journal
Small planets (≲1 M _⊕ ) at intermediate orbital distances (∼1 au) represent an uncharted territory in exoplanetary science. The upcoming microlensing survey by the Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope will be sensitive to objects as light as Ganymede and ...
Yayaati Chachan, Eve J. Lee
doaj   +1 more source

Patient‐specific pharmacogenomics demonstrates xCT as predictive therapeutic target in colon cancer with possible implications in tumor connectivity

Molecular Oncology, EarlyView.
This study integrates transcriptomic profiling of matched tumor and healthy tissues from 32 colorectal cancer patients with functional validation in patient‐derived organoids, revealing dysregulated metabolic programs driven by overexpressed xCT (SLC7A11) and SLC3A2, identifying an oncogenic cystine/glutamate transporter signature linked to ...
Marco Strecker, Keren Zohar, Martin Böttcher, Thomas Wartmann, Henry Freudenstein, Maximilian Doelling, Mihailo Andric, Wenjie Shi, Or Kakhlon, Katrin Hippe, Beatrix Jahnke, Dimitrios Mougiakakos, Franziska Baenke, Daniel Stange, Roland S. Croner, Michal Linial, Ulf D. Kahlert   +16 more
wiley   +1 more source