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International Journal of Radiation Applications and Instrumentation. Part B. Nuclear Medicine and Biology, 1990
Since its discovery in 1982, numerous biological activities of interleukin-4 (IL-4) have been described. Like other cytokines, IL-4 is highly pleiotropic, both with respect to the number of different target cells that are responsive to it and with respect to the number of different biological responses it elicits.
J H, Jansen +3 more
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Since its discovery in 1982, numerous biological activities of interleukin-4 (IL-4) have been described. Like other cytokines, IL-4 is highly pleiotropic, both with respect to the number of different target cells that are responsive to it and with respect to the number of different biological responses it elicits.
J H, Jansen +3 more
+6 more sources
Immunological Reviews, 1997
Summary: Experimental infection of mice with Listeria monocytogenes (L. monocytogenes) has served as an appropriate model for analyzing Thl nil driven immune responses. Generally, Th2 responses are absent and IL‐4 is not detectable. Here, we describe experimental settings under which IL‐4 is detectable in listeriosis.
Kaufmann, S. +4 more
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Summary: Experimental infection of mice with Listeria monocytogenes (L. monocytogenes) has served as an appropriate model for analyzing Thl nil driven immune responses. Generally, Th2 responses are absent and IL‐4 is not detectable. Here, we describe experimental settings under which IL‐4 is detectable in listeriosis.
Kaufmann, S. +4 more
openaire +3 more sources
Interleukin-4 and interleukin-13 as possible therapeutic targets in systemic sclerosis.
Cytokine, 2019Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is an autoimmune disease characterized by fibrosis of skin and internal organs. Its pathogenesis, which is still poorly understood, features three main pathogenic moments: an initial diffuse vasculopathy followed by low-grade ...
G. Gasparini, E. Cozzani, A. Parodi
semanticscholar +1 more source
Interleukin‐4 and the interleukin‐4 receptor in allergic contact dermatitis
Contact Dermatitis, 1998Cutaneous immune responses involving T helper (TH) type 1 (TH1) and type 2 (TH2) T cells, characterised by secretion of interferon‐γ (Ifn‐γ) and interleukin‐4 (IL‐4), respectively, have both been reported in allergic contact dermatitis (ACD). We used immunohistochemistry to localize expression of IL‐4 in ACD lesions and unaffected skin.
A, Rowe, C B, Bunker
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Regulation of Interleukin 4 Production and of Interleukin 4-Producing Cells
International Archives of Allergy and Immunology, 1992Interleukin 4 (IL-4) is a cytokine with a broad range of functions on immune cells including the stimulation of IgE synthesis by B cells. IL-4 is synthesized by freshly isolated T cells following appropriate stimulation with either lectins or antibodies against selected surface antigens.
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Interleukin-4 and interleukin-4 receptor polymorphisms in minimal change nephropathy
Clinical Science, 1999Minimal change nephropathy (MCN) is an important cause of nephrotic syndrome, especially in children, that is strongly associated with atopy and IgE production. The immunogenetics of MCN are poorly understood. Interleukin-4 (IL-4) is the critical cytokine involved in the development of atopy.
Gillespie, KM +4 more
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Interleukin-4 and interleukin-4 receptor polymorphisms and colorectal cancer risk
European Journal of Cancer, 2007Interleukin-4 (IL-4) and interleukin-4 receptor (IL-4R) modulate inflammation and are associated with the colorectal adenoma-carcinoma progression and the metastatic capacity. IL-4 also causes a dose-dependent reduction of proliferation in colorectal cancer cells.
LANDI, STEFANO +9 more
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Interleukin-4 is a neutrophil activator
Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, 1989We investigated the ability of the lymphokine, interleukin-4 (IL-4), to function as a neutrophil (PMN) activator. IL-4 enhanced PMN-mediated killing of opsonized bacteria (by up to 91.6% at 3 units of IL-4; p less than 0.05). IL-4 was a weak secondary granule secretagogue and did not by itself generate a respiratory burst. However, IL-4 did increase in
H, Boey +3 more
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Journal of Immunological Methods, 1998
The present article describes procedures to measure rat IL-4 protein. The RT-PCR technique has been successfully and widely used to measure IL-4 mRNA, but it does not determine IL-4 protein synthesis. Assays to measure rat IL-4 protein based on its biological activity were developed using the mAb OX-81, which inhibits rat IL-4 activity.
Ramírez, F. +3 more
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The present article describes procedures to measure rat IL-4 protein. The RT-PCR technique has been successfully and widely used to measure IL-4 mRNA, but it does not determine IL-4 protein synthesis. Assays to measure rat IL-4 protein based on its biological activity were developed using the mAb OX-81, which inhibits rat IL-4 activity.
Ramírez, F. +3 more
openaire +2 more sources
Characterization of caprine interleukin-4
Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology, 2001Caprine interleukin-4 (IL-4) cDNA was cloned from RNA of mitogen stimulated goat peripheral blood mononuclear cells utilizing reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. The sequence of caprine IL-4 cDNA corresponds to a 535 nucleotide mRNA with 5'- and 3'-untranslated regions and a 405 nucleotide open reading frame, the first 66 nucleotides of ...
K R, Snekvik +7 more
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