Results 61 to 70 of about 3,088,438 (300)
Blockade of the interleukin‐21/interleukin‐21 receptor pathway ameliorates disease in animal models of rheumatoid arthritis [PDF]
AbstractObjectiveInterleukin‐21 (IL‐21) is a T cell–derived cytokine that modulates T cell, B cell, and natural killer cell responses. In this study, the effects of blocking IL‐21 were examined in 2 rodent models of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) to determine whether IL‐21 contributes to their pathologic processes.MethodsDBA/1 mice were immunized with ...
Barbara Sibley+13 more
openaire +3 more sources
BACKGROUND Strategies that target functional recovery of exhausted hepatitis B virus (HBV)-specific CD8+ T cells are beneficial for viral control, but the potential for interleukin 21 (IL-21) to rescue CD8+ T-cell function is not well understood ...
Libo Tang+13 more
semanticscholar +1 more source
Expression of interleukin‐21 receptor, but not interleukin‐21, in synovial fibroblasts and synovial macrophages of patients with rheumatoid arthritis [PDF]
AbstractObjectiveTo determine the role and expression of the cytokine/receptor pair interleukin‐21 (IL‐21)/IL‐21 receptor (IL‐21R) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA).MethodsThe expression of IL‐21R and IL‐21 was analyzed by TaqMan real‐time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and in situ hybridization of synovial biopsy samples from patients with RA and ...
Astrid, Jüngel+10 more
openaire +2 more sources
Purpose Peripheral blood-derived antigen-specific cytotoxic T cells (CTLs) provide a readily available source of effector cells that can be administered with minimal toxicity in an outpatient setting.
A. Chapuis+14 more
semanticscholar +1 more source
Objectives Interleukin-21 (IL-21) is a cytokine associated with tissue inflammation, autoimmune and infectious diseases. Organ dysfunction and death can occur in patients with acute pancreatitis (AP) in two distinct clinical phases. Initially, a systemic
J. Thomson+5 more
semanticscholar +1 more source
Interleukin-21 Signaling: Functions in Cancer and Autoimmunity [PDF]
Abstract Interleukin-21 (IL-21) is a cytokine with structural and sequence homology to IL-2 and IL-15, yet possesses several biological properties distinct from these cytokines. IL-21 is produced mainly by activated CD4+ T cells and natural killer T cells and mediates its activity by binding to the IL-21 receptor (IL-21R), consisting of ...
Davis, Ian D.+5 more
openaire +4 more sources
BACKGROUND Interleukin 21 (IL-21), which belongs to the common γ-chain (γc) family, is a novel tumor suppressor that has been shown to affect T-cell proliferation, survival and function.
Chen Chen, Xiaoning Liu, Yi Ren
semanticscholar +1 more source
Insights into PI3K/AKT signaling in B cell development and chronic lymphocytic leukemia
This Review explores how the phosphoinositide 3‐kinase and protein kinase B pathway shapes B cell development and drives chronic lymphocytic leukemia, a common blood cancer. It examines how signaling levels affect disease progression, addresses treatment challenges, and introduces novel experimental strategies to improve therapies and patient outcomes.
Maike Buchner
wiley +1 more source
Background Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disorder and its characteristics include the immune system's invasion of the healthy lining of the joints and the articular structures degeneration. The IL‐21 pro‐inflammatory cytokine, and the
Ma Shufang, Han Xiaojiao, Kang Yinhong
doaj +1 more source
Toll‐like receptors (TLRs) are important in the innate immune system. This study explores the zinc‐binding ability of the TLR2 TIR domain (TLR2TIR). We found that TLR2TIR binds zinc with nanomolar affinity through its cysteine residues. Two of them, C673 and C713, are vital for receptor activation, indicating that zinc may play a role in initiating ...
Vladislav A. Lushpa+8 more
wiley +1 more source