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Relationship Between Total Prothrombin, Native Prothrombin and the International Normalized Ratio (INR)

Thrombosis and Haemostasis, 1992
SummaryPlasma levels of total prothrombin and fully-carboxylated (native) prothrombin were compared with results of prothrombin time (PT) assays for patients undergoing oral anticoagulant therapy. Mean concentrations of total and native prothrombin in non-anticoagulated patients were 119 ± 13 µg/ml and 118 ± 22 µg/ml, respectively.
P J, Braun, K M, Szewczyk
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International Normalized Ratio (INR) – Proficiency Tests by ÖQUASTA for the Prothrombin Time

Hämostaseologie, 1995
SummaryAlthough the INR (International Normalized Ratio)/ISI (International Sensitivity Index) scheme was introduced by the WHO (13) in 1983 to standardize the PT (prothrombin time) expression, the use of the non-comparable percent of a normal fresh plasma, seconds or PT-ratio (patient plasma/normal plasma) is still common in the coagulation ...
M. Fischer   +5 more
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Real –life International Normalized Ratio (INR) profile ; Egyptian study

Benha Journal of Applied Sciences, 2019
Warfarin remains widely used by patients with cardiovascular diseases[.Due to high interindividual variability, the anticoagulant activity of warfarin has to be monitored using the international normalized ratio (INR).The most widely recommended approach for evaluating the quality and safety of anticoagulation is to estimate the percentage of time in ...
O. Arafa   +4 more
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[International normalized ratio (INR) for optimal anticoagulant therapy].

Kokyu to junkan. Respiration & circulation, 1993
Optimal therapeutic ranges for an oral anticoagulant therapy has been discussed for many years. Prothrombin time, prothrombin time ratios (PTR) and thrombotest have been employed so far, but, recently, International Normalized Ratio of prothrombin time (PT-INR or INR) has been introduced.
Y, Uetsuka   +8 more
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[Determination of the international normalized ratio (INR)].

Acta medica portuguesa, 1999
The author explains the nature, reason and practical implications of determining the International Normalized Ratio (INR) for all clinicians and technical personnel, mainly those who work in laboratories. An exhaustive revision is made of the studies performed by the centres involved in thromboplastin calibration exercises to obtain the International ...
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Warfarin monitoring independent of the international normalized ratio (INR): a pilot study.

Research communications in molecular pathology and pharmacology, 1997
Warfarin monitoring is extended to include an anticoagulant therapy factor (ATF). ATF is shown, using four different thromboplastins (Tps), to be comparable with the International Normalized Ratio (INR) mathematically; but ATF is less cumbersome and does not have the INR's poor precision with up to 13.5% error.
W E, Carroll, R D, Jackson
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Older age is risk for an international normalized ratio (INR) of 5 or more.

Clinical laboratory, 2008
The elderly have higher INR values, but this may be due to factors such as inter-current illnesses or drug changes. In the following case-controlled study we contacted 304 patients receiving warfarin treatment, one group with an INR of 5 or more, and three control groups (INR < 2, 2-3.9, 4-4.9).
G, Ribak, M, Barak, P, Froom
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[A study on anticoagulation for cardiovascular diseases using international normalized ratio (INR)].

Kyobu geka. The Japanese journal of thoracic surgery, 1996
The usefulness of INR as an index for assessing anticoagulation was studied using 85 outpatients, all suffering cardiovascular diseases and receiving warfain as subjects. The thrombotest, prothrombin time and INR were measured at follow-up, monthly intervals. The correlation between the thrombotest value and the INR value were assessed retrospectively.
Y, Izumi   +4 more
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The International Normalized Ratio (INR): Hope for an Uncertain Result

Journal of Vascular and Interventional Radiology, 1996
D C, Smith, J C, Westengard, B S, Bull
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The significance of the International Normalized Ratio (INR) for oral anticoagulant therapy.

Journal of the International Federation of Clinical Chemistry, 2010
For the laboratory control of oral anticoagulant treatment, the prothrombin time (PT) is used universally as the primary measurement. Important variability of the PT ratio (patient PT: mean health persons' PT) caused by different brands and batches of thromboplastin and instruments exists not only in North America, but throughout the world.
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