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From Flybys to Sample Return: A Review of Space Probes and Robotic Sampling Technologies for Small Bodies

open access: yesJournal of Field Robotics, Volume 43, Issue 7, Page 4475-4514, October 2026.
ABSTRACT As a crucial puzzle piece of deep space exploration, exploring small bodies can provide significant scientific insights and valuable mineral resources. Unlike missions to the Moon and Mars, small‐body missions pose distinct technical challenges, including communication delays, weak gravity, and uncertain environments. This paper reviews a full
Xin Zhang   +3 more
wiley   +1 more source

The formation of molecular hydrogen in the interstellar medium [PDF]

open access: yes, 2010
H2 is the most abundant molecule in the interstellar medium and forms on the surface of interstellar dust grains. Laboratory studies have been conducted of HD formation on a dust grain analogue, which is a highly-oriented pyrolytic graphite surface ...
Islam, F.
core  

Spaceborne and spaceborn: Physiological aspects of pregnancy and birth during interplanetary flight

open access: yesExperimental Physiology, Volume 111, Issue 9, Page 4015-4040, 1 September 2026.
Abstract Crewed interplanetary return missions that are on the planning horizon will take years, more than enough time for initiation and completion of a pregnancy. Pregnancy is viewed as a sequence of processes – fertilization, blastocyst formation, implantation, gastrulation, placentation, organogenesis, gross morphogenesis, birth and neonatal ...
Arun V. Holden
wiley   +1 more source

Toroidal Plasma Thruster for Interplanetary and Interstellar Space Flights [PDF]

open access: yes, 2001
This work involves a conceptual assessment for using the toroidal fusion reactor for deep space interplanetary and interstellar missions. Toroidal thermonuclear fusion reactors, such as tokamaks and stellarators, are unique for space propulsion, allowing
Zakharov, L. E.   +2 more
core   +1 more source

Detecting Dark Objects with Plasma Microlensing by Their Gravitational Wakes

open access: yesThe Astrophysical Journal
A moving mass makes a gravitational wake in the partially ionized interstellar medium, which acts as a lens for radio-frequency light. Consequently, plasma microlensing could complement gravitational microlensing in the search for invisible massive ...
M. Sten Delos
doaj   +1 more source

On Detecting Interstellar Scintillation in Narrowband Radio SETI

open access: yesThe Astrophysical Journal, 2023
To date, the search for radio technosignatures has focused on sky location as a primary discriminant between technosignature candidates and anthropogenic radio frequency interference (RFI).
Bryan Brzycki   +6 more
doaj   +1 more source

Negotiating in a Foreign Land: Understanding the Curious Interactions Between Intracellular Mitochondria and Internalized Nanoparticles

open access: yesAdvanced Materials Interfaces, Volume 13, Issue 16, 18 August 2026.
Therapeutic nano‐drug delivery systems interact with cellular mitochondria in a multitude of ways. While the complexity of such interactions disrupts the mitochondrial electron transport chain and increases reactive oxygen species production, thereby contributing to nanoparticle toxicity, they also present unique theranostic opportunities in diseases ...
Sourav Bhattacharjee
wiley   +1 more source

ICRF Plasma Production with the W7-X Like Antenna in the Uragan-2M Stellarator

open access: yes, 2022
0000-0003-4948-0896The results of the plasma start-up with ICRH of U-2M RF discharges in H2+He mixture with newly implemented controlled gas H2 concentration are presented. The W7-X like ICRH antenna operated in monopole phasing with applied RF power of ∼
FUCHERT, Golo,   +63 more
core   +1 more source

Exploring turbulence from the Sun to the local interstellar medium: Current challenges and perspectives for future space missions

open access: yesFrontiers in Astronomy and Space Sciences, 2022
Turbulence is ubiquitous in space plasmas. It is one of the most important subjects in heliospheric physics, as it plays a fundamental role in the solar wind—local interstellar medium interaction and in controlling energetic particle transport and ...
Federico Fraternale   +11 more
doaj   +1 more source

AI Based Velocity Calibration for Cassini's Cosmic Dust Analyzer (CDA)

open access: yesEarth and Space Science, Volume 13, Issue 8, August 2026.
Abstract This paper presents a novel AI‐based velocity calibration method for the Cosmic Dust Analyzer (CDA) onboard the Cassini spacecraft, in particular for impacts on the large Impact Ionization Detector (IID). The legacy polynomial calibration function, derived from laboratory measurements at a dust accelerator facility, assigns a velocity ...
Thomas Albin, Jonas Simolka, Ralf Srama
wiley   +1 more source

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