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MAP kinase kinase kinase, MAP kinase kinase and MAP kinase
Current Opinion in Genetics and Development, 1994Signal transduction pathways that respond to external signals through the MAP kinase family of protein kinases are involved in diverse responses in eukaryotic cells. MAP kinases are one element in a series of kinases that serve to connect the plasma membrane with cytoplasmic and nuclear events. MAP kinases have the unusual feature that their activation
Christopher J Marshall
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MAP kinase kinase kinases and innate immunity
Trends in Immunology, 2006Toll-like receptors, which respond to invariant microbial molecules, and receptors for the proinflammatory cytokines tumour necrosis factor and interleukin-1 are crucial for initiation and regulation of innate immune responses. These receptors activate each of the major mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase subtypes, extracellular signal-regulated ...
Antony, Symons +2 more
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The Mnks: MAP kinase-interacting kinases (MAP kinase signal-integrating kinases)
Frontiers in Bioscience, 2008The human MAP kinase-interacting kinases (or MAP kinase signal-integrating kinases), Mnks, comprise a group of four proteins derived from two genes (Gene symbols: MKNK1 and MKNK2) by alternative splicing. Mnk1a/b differ at their C-termini, as do Mnk2a/2b: in each case, the a-form possesses a longer C-terminal region than the b-form, which lacks the MAP
Buxade, Maria +2 more
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Kinase dysfunction and kinase inhibitors
Veterinary Dermatology, 2013With recent advances in molecular biology, abnormalities in cancer cells that contribute to dysregulation of cell survival and proliferation are being characterized with greater precision. Through this process, key abnormalities in cancer cells involving proteins that regulate signal transduction, migration, mitosis and other critical processes have ...
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Plant MAP kinase kinase kinases structure, classification and evolution
Gene, 1999The increasing number of reports describing plant MAP kinase signalling components reflects the cardinal role that MAP kinase pathways are likely to play during plant growth and development. Relationship and structural analyses of plant MAP kinase kinase kinase related cDNAs and genes established, on one hand, the PMEKKs, which may be distinguished ...
S, Jouannic +5 more
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Kinase Inhibitors: Not Just for Kinases Anymore
Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, 2003Kinase inhibitors are widely employed as biological reagents and as leads for drug design. Their use is often complicated by their lack of specificity. Although binding conserved ATP sites accounts for some of their nonspecificity, some compounds inhibit proteins not known to bind ATP.
Susan L, McGovern, Brian K, Shoichet
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NAK is an IκB kinase-activating kinase
Nature, 2000Phosphorylation of IkappaB by the IkappaB kinase (IKK) complex is a critical step leading to IkappaB degradation and activation of transcription factor NF-kappaB. The IKK complex contains two catalytic subunits, IKKalpha and IKKbeta, the latter being indispensable for NF-kappaB activation by pro-inflammatory cytokines.
Y, Tojima +11 more
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Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase related kinases
Current Opinion in Immunology, 1996Studies in yeast, files and mammalian cells have uncovered a novel family of signal-transducing kinases which bear an evolutionary relationship to phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase. These phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase related enzymes play critical roles in DNA repair, V(D)J recombination and cell-cycle checkpoints, and their dysfunction leads to clinical ...
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Cyclin dependent kinase activating kinases
Current Opinion in Cell Biology, 1996The cyclin dependent kinase activating kinase (CAK) has roles in both cell cycle regulation and transcription. CAK assembly is regulated either by additional protein binding or by phosphorylation. A recent comparison of this kinase from two yeast species shows that different proteins perform distinct roles and that the most studied CAK may function ...
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