Results 181 to 190 of about 13,733 (224)

Decomposition of Microcystin-LR, Microcystin-RR, and Microcystin-YR in Water Samples Submitted to in Vitro Dissolution Tests

Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2004
The presence of cyanobacterial toxins (microcystins) in waters and food increases the risk of toxicity to animal and human health. These toxins can degrade in the human gastrointestinal tract before they are absorbed. To evaluate this possible degradation, water samples spiked with known concentrations of microcystins MC-LR, MC-RR, and MC-YR, which are
Isabel M, Moreno, Judith, Maraver, Esther C, Aguete, Manel, Leao, Ana, Gago-Martínez, Ana M, Cameán   +5 more
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Pyrolytic behaviour of microcystins and microcystin-spiked algal blooms

Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis, 2005
Peer ...
Cameán Fernández, A. M., Moreno Navarro, I., Verdejo Robles, Trinidad, González-Vila, Francisco Javier, González-Pérez, José Antonio   +4 more
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The biological functions of microcystins

Water Research
Microcystins are potent hepatotoxins predominantly produced by bloom-forming freshwater cyanobacteria (e.g., Microcystis, Planktothrix, Dolichospermum). Microcystin biosynthesis involves large multienzyme complexes and tailoring enzymes encoded by the mcy gene cluster. Mutation, recombination, and deletion events have shaped the mcy gene cluster in the
Nian Wei, Chenlin Hu, Elke Dittmann, Lirong Song, Nanqin Gan   +4 more
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Bacterial Degradation of Microcystins and Nodularin

Chemical Research in Toxicology, 2005
Microcystins and nodularins produced by cyanobacteria are potent hepatotoxins and tumor promoters. They are, respectively, cyclic heptapeptides and cyclic pentapeptides containing a characteristic beta-amino acid residue, (2S,3S,8S,9S)-3-amino-9-methoxy-2,6,8-trimethyl-10-phenyldeca-4(E ),6(E)-dienoic acid (Adda).
Susumu, Imanishi, Hajime, Kato, Masayoshi, Mizuno, Kiyomi, Tsuji, Ken-ichi, Harada   +4 more
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Fluctuation of Microcystins in Water Plant

Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part A, 2003
This study was undertaken to investigate the distribution and variation of microcystins (MC) from a water resource to a water plant in China including long distance transportation, ClO2 preoxidation, coagulation/precipitation, filtration, and disinfection.
R B, Jia, X H, Zhang, W H, Zhang, G M, Zhang, Z S, Wang   +4 more
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Microcystin Dynamics in Aquatic Organisms

Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part B, 2009
Eutrophication of surface water has increased significantly during the past decade, resulting in increased occurrences of toxic blooms. Cyanotoxins have become a global health threat to humans, wild animals, or domestic livestock. Hepatotoxic microcystins (MC) are the predominant cyanotoxins, which accumulate in aquatic organisms and are transferred to
José C, Martins, Vítor M, Vasconcelos
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Biodegradation of microcystins and nodularin in freshwaters

Chemosphere, 2008
Microcystin-LR (MC-LR) was readily biodegraded on addition to six different water samples irrespective of their previous exposure to microcystins. Subsequent studies with water from three of these water bodies confirmed the degradation of MC-LR and also demonstrated the biodegradation of MC-LF, nodularin and mixture of microcystins and nodularin. Rates
Christine, Edwards, Douglas, Graham, Nicholas, Fowler, Linda A, Lawton   +3 more
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A review of reproductive toxicity of microcystins

Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2016
Animal studies provide strong evidence of positive associations between microcystins (MCs) exposure and reproductive toxicity, representing a threat to human reproductive health and the biodiversity of wild life. This paper reviews current knowledge of the reproductive toxicity of MCs, with regard to mammals, fishes, amphibians, and birds, mostly in ...
Liang Chen, Jun Chen, Xuezhen Zhang, Ping Xie   +3 more
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Cyclosporine A inhibition of microcystin toxins

Toxicon, 1990
Cyclosporine A (CyA) given i.v. at a dose of 1.25 mg/mouse blocks a subsequent i.v. lethal dose (1.7-1.8 x LD50) of microcystin-LR for 24 hr, and is about 50% protective at 48 hr. Conversely, the fraction of mice that can be rescued by CyA (0.2 mg/mouse) after a lethal dose of microcystin-LR decreases rapidly with a pharmacodynamic half-time of only ...
R D, Stoner, W H, Adams, D N, Slatkin, H W, Siegelman   +3 more
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Detection of the cyanobacterial hepatotoxins microcystins

Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, 2005
Concern regarding the presence of microcystins in drinking water and their possible contamination in food (e.g., salad vegetables, fish, shellfish) has resulted in the need for reliable methods for the detection and accurate quantification of this class of toxins.
Jacqui, McElhiney, Linda A, Lawton
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