Results 211 to 220 of about 34,353 (227)

Microtubule nucleation and organization without centrosomes

Current Opinion in Plant Biology, 2018
Centrosomes play various critical roles in animal cells such as microtubule nucleation and stabilization, mitotic spindle morphogenesis, and spindle orientation. Land plants have lost centrosomes and yet must execute many of these functions. Recent studies have revealed the crucial roles played by morphologically distinct cytoplasmic microtubule ...
Peishan, Yi, Gohta, Goshima
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XMAP215 joins microtubule nucleation team

Nature Cell Biology, 2018
De novo assembly of microtubules, nucleation, has remained surprisingly enigmatic, considering that microtubules are polymers of only two proteins, α- and β-tubulin, and that γ-tubulin has a well-established role as nucleator. Now, the tubulin polymerase XMAP215 is shown to be required for efficient nucleation in cooperation with γ-tubulin.
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Microtubule Assembly and Nucleation

1978
Publisher Summary This chapter presents recent studies on in vitro assembly, nucleation, and growth of microtubules along with the properties that shed light on their biological role. The biochemical study of structural proteins such as tubulin and actin is a new area.
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Reorganization of microtubule nucleation during muscle differentiation

Cell Motility and the Cytoskeleton, 2004
Skeletal muscle differentiation involves a complete reorganization of the microtubule network. Nearly 20 years ago, Tassin et al. [1985: J Cell Biol 100:35-46] suggested a mechanism for this reorganization by showing a redistribution of the microtubule organizing center from the centrosome to the nuclear membrane.
Elisabeth, Bugnard, Kristien J M, Zaal, Evelyn, Ralston   +2 more
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Multiple microtubule nucleation sites in higher plants

Cell Biology International, 2003
In most eucaryotes, microtubule (MT) nucleation requires the activity of protein complexes containing -tubulin, Spc98p and Spc97p. These proteins form -tubulin ring complexes ( -TuRCs), which are recruited at structured MT organizing centers (MTOCs) (Moritz and Agard, 2001).
Virginie, Seltzer, Tomasz, Pawlowski, Sarah, Campagne, Jean, Canaday, Mathieu, Erhardt, Jean-Luc, Evrard, Etienne, Herzog, Anne-Catherine, Schmit   +7 more
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Nucleating microtubules in neurons: Challenges and solutions

Developmental Neurobiology, 2020
AbstractThe highly polarized morphology of neurons is crucial for their function and involves formation of two distinct types of cellular extensions, the axonal and dendritic compartments. An important effector required for the morphogenesis and maintenance and thus the identity of axons and dendrites is the microtubule cytoskeleton.
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Axon Extension Occurs Independently of Centrosomal Microtubule Nucleation

Science, 2010
Centrosome-Free Axonal Regeneration Neuronal axon growth is thought to depend on microtubules that are assembled at the centrosome, the classical microtubule organizing center (MTOC), which may even dictate axon growth.
Stiess, M., Maghelli, N., Kapitein, L., Gomis-Rueth, S., Wilsch-Brauninger, M., Hoogenraad, C., Tolic-Norrelykke, I., Bradke, F.   +7 more
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Reconstitution of centrosome microtubule nucleation in Spisula

2001
Evidence strongly supports the hypothesis that gamma-TuRCs are sites for the nucleation of microtubules within the centrosome PCM (Zheng et al., 1995; Moritz et al., 1995a,b). Further, these structures appear to be recruited to the centrosome from cytoplasmic pools during centrosome assembly and centrosome maturation (Moritz et al., 1998; Schnackenberg
B J, Schnackenberg, R E, Palazzo
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The Microtubule-Organizing Centers of Sticholonche zanclea Axopods. Microtubule-Nucleating Template or Linker Nucleation Hypothesis?

Archiv für Protistenkunde, 1982
Summary The microtubules (MTS) of the axopods in the Heliozoan Sticholonche grow from a hip-joint shaped organelle. Only the upper part of this organelle functions as a MTOC. It is a multilayered dense-substance disc in the center of which is a well with 6 priviledged. MTS which represent the axis of the axoneme.
Jean Cachon, Monique Cachon
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Acentrosomal microtubule nucleation in higher plants

2002
Higher plants have developed a unique pathway to control their cytoskeleton assembly and dynamics. In most other eukaryotes, microtubules are nucleated in vivo at the nucleation and organizing centers and are involved in the establishment of polarity.
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