Results 61 to 70 of about 8,132 (255)

From junk to function — How weak selection in eukaryotes builds new parts and drives genomic complexity

FEBS Letters, EarlyView.
How do genomes gain new functional parts? In eukaryotes, which tend to evolve under weak selection, much of the genome is junk. Palazzo and Qiu borrow the logic of Markov chains to show how non‐functional DNA becomes functional through the appearance of intermediate states, which arise due to epistasis, buffering, and biochemical messiness, allowing ...
Alexander F. Palazzo, Yi Qiu
wiley   +1 more source

Experimental study on the influence of non-penetrating crack spatial distribution on brittle fracture process

Scientific Reports
To gain insights into the spatial distribution of non-penetrating cracks during the rock fracture process, a comprehensive uniaxial compression test is conducted on cubic gypsum specimens (100 mm × 100 mm × 100 mm) containing two non-penetrating cracks ...
Jun Xu, Sen Luo, Xiaochun Xiao, Jiaxu Jin   +3 more
doaj   +1 more source

Tumour–host interactions in Drosophila: mechanisms in the tumour micro‐ and macroenvironment

Molecular Oncology, EarlyView.
This review examines how tumour–host crosstalk takes place at multiple levels of biological organisation, from local cell competition and immune crosstalk to organism‐wide metabolic and physiological collapse. Here, we integrate findings from Drosophila melanogaster studies that reveal conserved mechanisms through which tumours hijack host systems to ...
José Teles‐Reis, Tor Erik Rusten
wiley   +1 more source

IMPDH inhibition enhances cytarabine efficacy in SAMHD1‐expressing leukaemia cells via guanine nucleotide depletion

Molecular Oncology, EarlyView.
Cytarabine is a key therapy for acute myeloid leukaemia (AML), but its efficacy is limited by the dNTPase SAMHD1, which hydrolyses its active metabolite. Screening nucleotide biosynthesis inhibitors revealed that IMPDH inhibitors selectively sensitise SAMHD1‐proficient AML cells to cytarabine.
Miriam Yagüe‐Capilla, Christopher Dirks, Caroline Eiden, Sonja K. Fesenmayer, Femke M. Hormann, Yolande Klootsema, Ingrid Lilienthal, Si Min Zhang, Nikolas Herold, Sean G. Rudd   +9 more
wiley   +1 more source

Distorting crack-front geometry for enhanced toughness by manipulating bioinspired heterogeneity

Nature Communications
Control of crack propagation is crucial to make tougher heterogeneous materials. As a crack interacts with material heterogeneities, its front distorts and adopts complex tortuous configurations.
Kaijin Wu, Zhaoqiang Song, Mengqi Liu, Zewen Wang, Si-Ming Chen, Shu-Hong Yu, Linghui He, Yong Ni   +7 more
doaj   +1 more source

Fatigue Crack Propagation Analysis of Rail Surface Under Mixed Initial Crack Patterns

Applied Sciences
Prolonged rolling contact fatigue between wheels and rails results in the formation of surface cracks on the rail and accurately analyzing the crack expansion behavior is essential to ensuring the safe operation of the train.
Jianhua Liu, Weiqi Yang, Zhongmei Wang
doaj   +1 more source

Fatigue Deformation and Energy Change of Single-Joint Sandstone After Freeze-Thaw Cycles and Cyclic Loadings

Frontiers in Earth Science, 2019
In cold regions, saturated fractured rock is prone to crack initiation, extension, and branching along the original fracture end under the effect of freeze-thaw (F-T) cycles and cyclic fatigue loadings. The resulting strength deterioration is accompanied
Yanjun Shen, Yanjun Shen, Yanjun Shen, Hongwei Yang, Long Jin, Huan Zhang, Gengshe Yang, Jinyuan Zhang   +7 more
doaj   +1 more source

A Study on Deflection of Delamination Crack under Mixed Mode II and III Failure Condition

Journal of the Japan Society for Composite Materials, 2011
Crack deflection behavior of delamination in composite laminates under general shear mode failure condition was studied by using DNSCB test method. For the specimens with starter cracks at 90°/90° interfaces, delamination crack was deflected at the top and bottom edges in opposite directions due to tensile principal stress in front of the crack.
KONDO, Atsushi, SATO, Yuta, SUEMASU, Hiroshi, GOUZU, Katsuhisa, AOKI, Yuichiro   +4 more
openaire   +2 more sources

Loss of IGF‐1R impairs DNA‐PKcs recruitment to chromatin leading to defective end‐joining

Molecular Oncology, EarlyView.
IGF‐1R promotes radioresistance by facilitating DNA‐PKcs recruitment to chromatin, enabling non‐homologous end‐joining (NHEJ) repair of double‐strand breaks. Inhibition or loss of IGF‐1R disrupts this recruitment to damage sites, driving compensatory reliance on microhomology‐mediated end‐joining (MMEJ) repair.
Matthew O. Ellis, Jack V. Mills, Wojciech Niedzwiedz, Valentine M. Macaulay   +3 more
wiley   +1 more source

MITF maintains genome stability in nonmelanocyte lineages

Molecular Oncology, EarlyView.
MITF is essential for melanocyte survival and acts as an oncogene in 10%–20% of melanomas. We show that MITF depletion causes genome instability in nonmelanocytic cells, leading to LATS2‐mediated P53 activation, cell cycle arrest, and apoptosis. This study highlights the role of MITF as a genome maintenance factor beyond the melanocyte lineage. Created
Drifa H. Gudmundsdottir, Adrián López García de Lomana, Thejus B. Venkatesh, Kritika Kirty, Snaevar Sigurdsson, Linda Vidarsdottir, Ramile Dilshat, Erla Sveinbjornsdottir, Snaedis Ragnarsdottir, Daniel H Magnusson, Maria R. Bustos, Eirikur Steingrimsson, Thorkell Gudjonsson, Stefan Sigurdsson   +13 more
wiley   +1 more source