Results 21 to 30 of about 402 (174)
Towards a mental probability logic
Psychologica Belgica, 2005 We propose probability logic as an appropriate standard of reference for evaluating human inferences. Probability logical accounts of nonmonotonic reasoning with SYSTEM P, and conditional syllogisms (MODUS PONENS, etc.) are explored.
Niki Pfeifer, Gernot D. Kleiter
doaj +1 more source
Revisiting McGee’s Counterexample to Modus Ponens
European Journal of Analytic PhilosophyIn this paper, we provide a novel explanation of McGee’s (1985) alleged counterexample to Modus Ponens for indicative conditionals. Our strategy is to show that pragmatic phenomena interfere with intuitions concerning the acceptability of the inference ...
Nicolás Lo Guercio, Mariela Rubin
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Maintaining the Divide: The Legitimate Role for the Public in Health and Science Policymaking
Bioethics, EarlyView.ABSTRACT Many of the most pressing policy choices we face are matters of health and science. How should we prepare for the next global pandemic? How should we manage the disruption and promise of artificial intelligence? How should we address the challenge of climate change?
Joshua J. Kassner
wiley +1 more source
Generic Modal Cut Elimination Applied to Conditional Logics [PDF]
Logical Methods in Computer Science, 2011 We develop a general criterion for cut elimination in sequent calculi for propositional modal logics, which rests on absorption of cut, contraction, weakening and inversion by the purely modal part of the rule system. Our criterion applies also to a wide
Dirk Pattinson, Lutz Schröder
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Visual Cues for Logical Reasoning about Text Enhance Metacognitive Sensitivity
Computer Graphics Forum, EarlyView.Abstract An important part of critical thinking is analyzing the logical structure of inferences made in text, such as checking whether if–then rules appearing in legal regulations or scientific arguments are applied correctly. Metacognitive sensitivity, defined as feeling confident about one's correct answers and uncertain about incorrect ones, is an ...
A. Schlieder, J. Rummel, F. Sadlo
wiley +1 more source
Logical and gnoseological features of diagnosis
Бюллетень сибирской медицины, 2003 A diagnosis, as a type of getting knowledge (alongside with science and education) goes from consequences to a reason (from symptoms to nosological unit), this determines it’s hypothetical character.
A. K. Sukhotin
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How generics obscure the logic of conditionals
Mind &Language, EarlyView.This paper discusses counter‐examples to modus ponens and modus tollens involving modals and quantificational adverbs, and presents new counter‐examples with generic conditionals. We argue that the counter‐examples are spurious, and are explained by the domain‐restricting effects of if‐clauses.
Daniel Lassiter +3 more
wiley +1 more source
Fully implicational methods for interval-valued fuzzy reasoning with multi-antecedent rules [PDF]
International Journal of Computational Intelligence Systems, 2011 Based on the fully implicational idea, we investigate the interval-valued fuzzy reasoning with multiantecedent rules. First, we construct a class of interval-valued fuzzy implications by means of a type of implications and a parameter on the unit ...
Hua-Wen Liu, Cheng Li
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On the Adoption Problem and Meta-Logical Monism
Análisis Filosófico, 2022 According to the Adoption Problem (AP) certain basic logical principles cannot be adopted. Drawing on the AP, Suki Finn presents an argument against logical pluralism: Modus Ponens (MP) and Universal Instantiation (UI) both govern a general structure ...
Mauro Santelli +2 more
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Being Biased and Knowing How to Reason
Noûs, EarlyView.ABSTRACT This essay explains how reasoning is action and not reflex. It then uses that theory to explain one form of knowing how to reason. Reasoning is thinking biased by knowledge. Drawing on Louise Antony's emphasis on bias as critical for dealing with underdetermination in induction, I show that underdetermination confronts all forms of reasoning ...
Wayne Wu
wiley +1 more source