Results 41 to 50 of about 402 (174)

Dreams, Scepticism and Idealism

Theoria, EarlyView.
ABSTRACT On one narrative, Berkeleyan idealism arises from Cartesian theorising: Descartes's discussion of dreaming in the Meditations leads first to scepticism, and through scepticism, to Berkeley's rejection of realism. In this paper, I consider how this move from dreams to idealism is supposed to work.
Melissa Frankel
wiley   +1 more source

Anselm's Temporal‐Ontological Proof

Noûs, Volume 60, Issue 3, Page 645-660, September 2026.
ABSTRACT In his Reply to Gaunilo, Anselm presented two additional arguments for the existence of God beyond those that appear in the Proslogion. In “The Logical Structure of Anselm's Argument,” Robert M. Adams isolates each. One, he develops into a modal ontological argument along the lines of other 20th century ontological arguments (e.g., those of ...
Daniel Rubio
wiley   +1 more source

The Controversy of Freedom in Take and Give Between Western and Islamic Civilizations in Indonesia

Kanz Philosophia: A Journal for Islamic Philosophy and Mysticism
Freedom intake and give are caused by weak self-control that desires hedonistic pleasure, jouissance, materialism, enjoyment, and libidinal drives. Conversely, the existence of freedom aggravation (the freedom to determine one’s own peculiar desires ...
Nurkhalis Nurkhalis, Marhaban Marhaban
doaj   +1 more source

Metaethics and the Functions of Moral Language

Philosophy and Phenomenological Research, Volume 113, Issue 1, Page 74-87, July 2026.
ABSTRACT Metaethics has long included debates about the function of moral discourse. Some have argued that moral statements express our attitudes, others that they serve as prescriptions for how to act, still others that they describe moral facts or properties.
Amie L. Thomasson
wiley   +1 more source

Inference and Imagination

Topics in Cognitive Science, Volume 18, Issue 3, July 2026.
Abstract Our ability to imagine alternatives to reality is central to everyday cognition. Our competence in reasoning depends not only on our capacity to envisage the relevant facts, but also on our proficiency in simulating alternatives to them. I discuss how our skill in making deductive inferences depends on imagining possibilities. To illustrate, I
Ruth M. J. Byrne
wiley   +1 more source

Symmetry lost: A modal ontological argument for atheism?

Noûs, Volume 60, Issue 2, Page 313-327, June 2026.
Abstract The modal ontological argument for God's existence faces a symmetry problem: a seemingly equally plausible reverse modal ontological argument can be given for God's nonexistence. Here, we argue that there are significant asymmetries between the modal ontological argument and its reverse that render the latter more compelling than the former ...
Peter Fritz, Tien‐Chun Lo, Joseph C. Schmid   +2 more
wiley   +1 more source

The Philosophy of Language Models

Philosophy Compass, Volume 21, Issue 3, May/June 2026.
ABSTRACT The success of large language models (LLMs) across many domains of AI research has generated intense debate. Some attribute their impressive performance on complex tasks to human‐like linguistic and cognitive capacities, whereas others ascribe it to shallow pattern matching.
Raphaël Millière, Cameron Buckner
wiley   +1 more source

“Counterexamples” to modus ponens

Epistemology & Philosophy of Science
The paper deals with the epistemological problems posed by the application of the modus ponens rule in cognitive processing of distributed information. Distinguishing the deductive correctness of a rule of inference from its normativity for rational belief, we consider ‘counterexamples’ of modus ponens proposed in modern epistemology of logic that ...
Angelina S. Bobrova, Elena G. Dragalina-Chernaya   +1 more
openaire   +1 more source

From Computational Indeterminacy to the Causal Relevance of Mental Content

Philosophy and Phenomenological Research, Volume 112, Issue 3, Page 652-663, May 2026.
ABSTRACT A central claim in contemporary cognitive science is that the neural mechanisms that bring about cognitive capacities and behavior are computations. It is also widely assumed that computations are not sensitive to the content, or the semantic properties of representations.
Jens Harbecke, Oron Shagrir
wiley   +1 more source

The Laws of Natural Deduction in Inference by DNA Computer

The Scientific World Journal, 2014
We present a DNA-based implementation of reaction system with molecules encoding elements of the propositional logic, that is, propositions and formulas.
Łukasz Rogowski, Petr Sosík
doaj   +1 more source