Results 41 to 50 of about 127,813 (257)
Mucus and Mucins: The Underappreciated Host Defence System
Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology, 2022 The mucosal surfaces that form the boundary between the external environment and the underlying tissue are protected by a mucus barrier. Mucin glycoproteins, both secreted and cell surface mucins, are the major components of the barrier. They can exclude
Yong Hua Sheng +2 more
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Barriers of Mucosal Entry of HIV/SIV [PDF]
Current Immunology Reviews, 2019 Most new HIV infections, over 80%, occur through sexual transmission. During sexual transmission, the virus must bypass specific female and male reproductive tract anatomical barriers to encounter viable target cells. Understanding the generally efficient ability of these barriers to exclude HIV and the precise mechanisms of HIV translocation beyond ...
Ann M, Carias, Thomas J, Hope
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Gut microbiome and aging—A dynamic interplay of microbes, metabolites, and the immune system
FEBS Letters, EarlyView.Age‐dependent shifts in microbial communities engender shifts in microbial metabolite profiles. These in turn drive shifts in barrier surface permeability of the gut and brain and induce immune activation. When paired with preexisting age‐related chronic inflammation this increases the risk of neuroinflammation and neurodegenerative diseases.
Aaron Mehl, Eran Blacher
wiley +1 more source
FEBS Letters, EarlyView.Proteostasis and the gut microbiota play a key role in shaping host physiology. Microbiota‐derived metabolites, vitamins, and RNA modulate host proteostasis. Findings from model systems, including C. elegans, indicate microbes can either stabilize or disrupt host proteostasis.
Abhishek Anil Dubey, Maria Ermolaeva
wiley +1 more source
Effect of zinc on the intestinal barrier function of weaned piglets
Siliao yanjiu, 2021 Zinc has various physiological function, such as improving growth performance, reproductive performance, increasing antioxidant and immune capacity, increasing collagen, keratin and epithelial layer thickness, and plays an important role in regulating ...
Hui-yun WANG, Yang-kui XIANG, Shu-jun WU
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Th17 Cytokines and the Gut Mucosal Barrier [PDF]
Journal of Clinical Immunology, 2010 Local immune responses serve to contain infections by pathogens to the gut while preventing pathogen dissemination to systemic sites. Several subsets of T cells in the gut (T-helper 17 cells, gammadelta T cells, natural killer (NK), and NK-T cells) contribute to the mucosal response to pathogens by secreting a subset of cytokines including interleukin (
Blaschitz, Christoph +1 more
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From mice to humans—divergent strategies for intestinal homeostasis and regeneration
FEBS Letters, EarlyView.Recent advances such as organoid genome editing, xenotransplantation, imaging, and whole‐genome sequencing have enabled direct studies of human intestinal stem cells (ISCs). These studies reveal species‐specific features, including slower ISC proliferation, distinct injury responses, slower somatic mutation accumulation in humans, and an inverse ...
Keiko Ishikawa +2 more
wiley +1 more source
Th22 cells and the intestinal mucosal barrier
Frontiers in Immunology, 2023 T-helper 22 (Th22) cells represent a novel subset of CD4+ T cells that exhibit distinctive characteristics, namely the secretion of IL-22 while abstaining from secreting IL-17 and interferon-γ (IFN-γ). These cells serve as the primary source of IL-22, and both Th22 cells and IL-22 are believed to play a role in maintaining intestinal mucosal ...
Jieli Chen, Jun Yao
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Design and analysis strategies for robust microbiome ageing research
FEBS Letters, EarlyView.The gut microbiome changes with age and associates with age‐related morbidity and mortality, establishing it as a potential biomarker and intervention target for ageing. Realising this potential requires methodological rigour, yet distinguishing biological signals from methodological artefacts remains challenging across cohorts. This review provides an
Mark Olenik +5 more
wiley +1 more source
Journal of Inflammation Research, 2021 Danling Liu,1,* Tingting Qian,1,* Shan Sun,1 Jack J Jiang1,2 1Otorhinolaryngology Department, ENT Institute, Eye & ENT Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, NHC Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine Research, Fudan University, Shanghai
Liu D, Qian T, Sun S, Jiang JJ
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