Results 271 to 280 of about 9,303,620 (306)

Above and beyond: helping behaviors among nurses in positive and negative reciprocity relationships

Journal of Managerial Psychology, 2022
PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explore antecedents of helping behaviors among nurses using a social exchange framework. The paper reports an investigation into the effects of reciprocity, perceived coworker efficacy and stress on active and ...
Matthew R. Leon, Meagan E. Brock Baskin
semanticscholar   +1 more source

Negative Reciprocity: The Coevolution of Memes and Genes [PDF]

Evolution and Human Behavior, 2004
A preference for negative reciprocity is an important part of the human emotional repertoire. We model its role in sustaining cooperative behavior but highlight an intrinsic free-rider problem: the fitness benefits of negative reciprocity are dispersed throughout the entire group, but the fitness costs are borne personally.
Nirvikar Singh, Daniel Friedman
exaly   +6 more sources

Changes in Negative Reciprocity as a Function of Age

Journal of Behavioral Decision Making, 2013
ABSTRACTStandard economic models assume people exclusively pursue material self‐interests in social interactions. However, people exhibit social preferences; that is, they base their choices partly on the outcomes others obtained in a social interaction. People care about fairness, and reciprocity affects behavior.
Yoella Bereby-Meyer, Shelly Fiks
semanticscholar   +2 more sources

Reversible topological non-reciprocity by positive–negative Poisson's ratio switch in chiral metamaterials

Applied Physics Letters, 2022
Topological non-reciprocity provides a robust approach to control the wave field. To realize reversible topological non-reciprocity in chiral metamaterials, researchers usually rely on reversing angular momentum bias of the circulation flow, time ...
Wen-Ting Gao, Chen-Wen Yang, Yu-Tao Tan, Jie Ren   +3 more
semanticscholar   +1 more source

An eye for an eye? A meta-analysis of negative reciprocity in organizations.

Journal of Applied Psychology, 2019
Most models of negative workplace behaviors (NWB) are individual in nature, focusing on individual attitudes (e.g., satisfaction) and general workplace perceptions (e.g., procedural justice) that motivate NWB. Less commonly considered are explorations of
Lindsey M. Greco, J. Whitson, Ernest H. O’Boyle, Cynthia S. Wang, Joongseo Kim   +4 more
semanticscholar   +1 more source

Reciprocity Is Not Give and Take

Psychological Science, 2008
Unlike economic exchange, social exchange has no well-defined “value.” It is based on the norm of reciprocity, in which giving and taking are to be repaid in equivalent measure. Although giving and taking are colloquially assumed to be equivalent actions, we demonstrate that they produce different patterns of reciprocity.
Boaz, Keysar, Benjamin A, Converse, Jiunwen, Wang, Nicholas, Epley   +3 more
openaire   +2 more sources

Reference Points and Negative Reciprocity in Simple Sequential Games

Games and Economic Behavior, 2001
Peer ...
Jordi Brandts, Carles Solà
openaire   +3 more sources

Paying Back People Who Harmed Us but Not People Who Helped Us: Direct Negative Reciprocity Precedes Direct Positive Reciprocity in Early Development

Psychology Science, 2019
The principle of direct reciprocity, or paying back specific individuals, is assumed to be a critical component of everyday social exchange and a key mechanism for the evolution of cooperation.
N. Chernyak, Kristin L. Leimgruber, Yarrow C. Dunham, Jingshi Hu, P. Blake   +4 more
semanticscholar   +1 more source

Evolution and Negative Reciprocity

2001
We offer a theoretical explanation of negative reciprocity or vengeance, i.e., the human desire to harm those who have harmed us. Our model shows how negative reciprocity can be sustained by the coevolution1 of genes that determine the capacity for vengeance and group memes (e.g., social norms) that regulate its expression.
Daniel Friedman, Nirvikar Singh
openaire   +1 more source

Reciprocating to the bottom: Is there negative diffuse reciprocity in social economic human rights

International Political Science Review, 2022
Is reciprocity possible in human rights agreements? This article argues that human rights agreements can create negative diffuse reciprocity if there is reliable information about countries’ compliance levels. The article analyses the link between information on countries’ non-compliance with the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural ...
openaire   +1 more source