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Nerve agent toxicity and treatment

Current Treatment Options in Neurology, 2005
The clinical syndrome of nerve agent toxicity varies widely, ranging from the classic cholinergic syndrome to flaccid paralysis and status epilepticus. All nerve agents are capable of producing marked neuropathology. Seizure control is strongly associated with protection against acute lethality and brain pathology.
Christopher P. Holstege   +1 more
openaire   +3 more sources

Nerve Agents

Neurologic Clinics, 2003
Nerve agents cause a rapidly fatal cholinergic crisis, but rapid, appropriate antidotal treatment saves lives. Survivors of nerve-agent poisoning generally are healthy, unlike survivors of some other chemical agent attacks. Neurologists can assist first responders and mass casualty planners materially by serving as resources for information on nerve ...
openaire   +4 more sources

Nerve Agents: A Comprehensive Review

Journal of Intensive Care Medicine, 2004
Nerve agents are perhaps the most feared of potential agents of chemical attack. The authors review the history, physical characteristics, pharmacology, clinical effects, and treatment of these agents.
Sage W. Wiener, Robert S. Hoffman
openaire   +3 more sources

Inhalational exposure to nerve agents

Respiratory Care Clinics, 2004
The respiratory system plays a major role in the pathogenesis of nerve agent toxicity. It is the major route of entry and absorption of nerve agent vapor, and respiratory failure is the most common cause of death follow-ing exposure. Respiratory symptoms are mediated by chemical irritation,muscarinic and nicotinic receptor overstimulation, and central ...
Stuart A. Roop   +2 more
openaire   +2 more sources

Toxicokinetics of Nerve Agents

2007
This chapter presents the subjects as in the second edition, updated with the latest results on the toxicokinetics of VX, mainly obtained after improvement of the analytical methodology. Toxicokinetic studies, together with toxicodynamic studies of nerve agents, provide a quantitative basis for the design of new strategies against intoxication with ...
B. J. Lukey   +5 more
openaire   +2 more sources

Nerve Agents: What They Are, How They Work, How to Counter Them.

ACS Chemical Neuroscience, 2018
Nerve agents are organophosphorus chemical warfare agents that exert their action through the irreversible inhibition of acetylcholinesterase, with a consequent overstimulation of cholinergic transmission followed by its shutdown.
S. Costanzi   +2 more
semanticscholar   +1 more source

Chemical warfare agents: II. nerve agents

Annals of Emergency Medicine, 1992
Nerve agents are highly potent and rapidly acting organophosphorus compounds that irreversibly bind and inactive acetylcholinesterase. Only rarely have they been used in warfare, but their great lethality and the threat that they pose have encouraged production and stockpiling in large quantities.
Frederick R Sidell, Jonathan Borak
openaire   +3 more sources

Computational Screening of Metal–Organic Framework-Supported Single-Atom Transition-Metal Catalysts for the Gas-Phase Hydrolysis of Nerve Agents

ACS Catalysis, 2019
Recent studies have suggested that the gas-phase hydrolysis of nerve agents by Zr-based metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) may be limited by product inhibition resulting from strong bidentate binding of the hydrolysis products to the Zr6-nodes.
Matthew L. Mendonca, R. Snurr
semanticscholar   +1 more source

Therapy for Nerve Agent Poisoning

Archives of Neurology, 2004
Neurologists need to familiarize themselves with nerve agents, the most toxic of the chemical warfare agents. Their mode of action lies within the nervous system, and nonneurologists will look to neurologists for expert advice on therapy. These agents cause rapid-onset cholinergic crisis amenable to prompt treatment with specific antidotes.
openaire   +3 more sources

Recent Advances in the Development of Chromophore-Based Chemosensors for Nerve Agents and Phosgene.

ACS Sensors, 2017
The extreme toxicity and ready accessibility of nerve agents and phosgene has caused an increase in the demand to develop effective systems for the detection of these substances.
Liyan Chen, Di Wu, Juyoung Yoon
semanticscholar   +1 more source

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