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Degradation of nerve agents by an organophosphate-degrading agent (OpdA)
Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2008Enzyme-catalysed degradation of the nerve agents tabun, sarin, ethyl sarin and soman by three variants of an organophosphate-degrading enzyme was studied at low concentrations of nerve agent. The concentration of nerve agent at a given time was determined by its ability to inhibit the enzyme acetylcholinesterase.
R.M. Dawson +3 more
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Sixty seconds on . . . nerve agents [PDF]
BMJ, 2018 The recent attack on Russian former double agent Sergei Skripal and his daughter Yulia with a nerve agent has triggered a meeting of the government’s COBRA emergency committee. A huge clean-up effort by specially trained troops has also been launched to minimise any remaining risk in Salisbury. Back to your biochemistry classes!
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Vacancy-Engineered Nanoceria: Enzyme Mimetic Hotspots for the Degradation of Nerve Agents.
Angewandte Chemie, 2016Organophosphorus-based nerve agents, such as paraoxon, parathion, and malathion, inhibit acetylcholinesterase, which results in paralysis, respiratory failure, and death.
Amit A. Vernekar +2 more
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An Unusual Two‐Step Hydrolysis of Nerve Agents by a Nanozyme
ChemCatChem, 2018Organophosphate‐based nerve agents irreversibly inhibit acetylcholinesterase enzyme, leading to respiratory failure, paralysis and death. Several organophosphorus hydrolases are capable of degrading nerve agents including pesticides and insecticides ...
Kritika Khulbe +3 more
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Behavioral toxicity of nerve agents
2009Publisher Summary Behavioral changes in humans are exposed to highly toxic organophosphorus (OP) compounds, called nerve agents. The incidence of behavioral effects is higher in individuals who have been severely exposed to nerve agents, but they may occur in individuals who have received a small exposure and have no or minimal physical signs and ...
Jiri Kassa +3 more
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Perhydrolysis of nerve agent VX
The Journal of Organic Chemistry, 1993The exceedingly toxic nerve agent VX (O-ethyl S-(2-diisopropymino)ethyl methylphosphonothioate) cannot be detoxified by reaction with hydroxide ion but is rapidly detoxified by perhydrolysis (substitution with HO 2 - ) presumably via an intramolecular oxygen transfer which precludes loss of the ethoxy ...
Linda L. Szafraniec +3 more
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Efficacy of Tacrine as a Nerve Agent Pretreatment
Drug and Chemical Toxicology, 1994Tacrine (THA) was evaluated in vitro and in vivo as a pretreatment for nerve agent intoxication. In vitro experiments showed that the primary effect of THA was direct inhibition of purified fetal bovine serum acetylcholinesterase (AChE) with a slight effect on slowing the aging rate of nerve agent-inhibited AChE.
Koplovitz I +6 more
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Resuscitative challenges in nerve agent poisoning
European Journal of Emergency Medicine, 2003The threat of weapons of mass destruction such as nerve agents has become real since last year. The medical community has established protocols for the rapid evacuation and decontamination of affected civilians. However, protocols for resuscitative measures or acute perioperative care in cases of life-saving surgical interventions in toxic-traumatized ...
Avi A. Weinbroum, Ron Ben Abraham
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A microneedle biosensor for minimally-invasive transdermal detection of nerve agents.
In Analysis, 2017A microneedle electrochemical biosensor for the minimally invasive detection of organophosphate (OP) chemical agents is described. The new sensor relies on the coupling of the effective biocatalytic action of organophosphorus hydrolase (OPH) with a ...
R. Mishra +4 more
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3D Printed Electrodes for Detection of Nitroaromatic Explosives and Nerve Agents.
Analytical Chemistry, 2017Three-dimensional (3D) printing has proven to be a versatile and useful technology for specialized applications in industry and also for scientific research. We demonstrate its potential use toward the electrochemical detection of nitroaromatic compounds
Cavin Tan +3 more
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