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Chiroptical Signatures & Photocatalytic Destruction of Organophosphorus Nerve Agents
Amanda C. Evans
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Military Medicine, 2023
Observations of military conflicts and local wars of recent decades show us that the concept of "chemical weapons" has not yet been deleted from the military lexicon of various countries, despite the convention on its prohibition. In recent decades, there have been cases of the use of mustard gas, sarin, tabun and VX in Halabaja (Iraq), sarin in Tokyo (
Bova A. A. +5 more
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Observations of military conflicts and local wars of recent decades show us that the concept of "chemical weapons" has not yet been deleted from the military lexicon of various countries, despite the convention on its prohibition. In recent decades, there have been cases of the use of mustard gas, sarin, tabun and VX in Halabaja (Iraq), sarin in Tokyo (
Bova A. A. +5 more
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Neurology, 1992
Nerve agents produce neuromuscular blockade and convulsions in exposed humans. Military personnel in areas of potential exposure take prophylactic pyridostigmine. They are instructed to self-administer atropine and pralidoxime at the first sign of nerve agent toxicity.
C H, Gunderson +3 more
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Nerve agents produce neuromuscular blockade and convulsions in exposed humans. Military personnel in areas of potential exposure take prophylactic pyridostigmine. They are instructed to self-administer atropine and pralidoxime at the first sign of nerve agent toxicity.
C H, Gunderson +3 more
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Chemical warfare agents: II. nerve agents
Annals of Emergency Medicine, 1992Nerve agents are highly potent and rapidly acting organophosphorus compounds that irreversibly bind and inactive acetylcholinesterase. Only rarely have they been used in warfare, but their great lethality and the threat that they pose have encouraged production and stockpiling in large quantities.
F R, Sidell, J, Borak
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Neurologic Clinics, 2003
Nerve agents cause a rapidly fatal cholinergic crisis, but rapid, appropriate antidotal treatment saves lives. Survivors of nerve-agent poisoning generally are healthy, unlike survivors of some other chemical agent attacks. Neurologists can assist first responders and mass casualty planners materially by serving as resources for information on nerve ...
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Nerve agents cause a rapidly fatal cholinergic crisis, but rapid, appropriate antidotal treatment saves lives. Survivors of nerve-agent poisoning generally are healthy, unlike survivors of some other chemical agent attacks. Neurologists can assist first responders and mass casualty planners materially by serving as resources for information on nerve ...
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Organic Phosphorus Compounds—Nerve Agents
Critical Care Clinics, 2005The organic phosphorous compounds (OPC) include both the military grade nerve agents and the organic phosphorous pesticides. The major mechanism of OPC toxicity is through inhibition of acetylcholinesterase in neuronal synapses leading to excess acetylcholine and overstimulation of target organs. Signs and symptoms depend on the affinity of the OPC for
Claudia L, Barthold, Joshua G, Schier
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Nerve agent toxicity and treatment
Current Treatment Options in Neurology, 2005The clinical syndrome of nerve agent toxicity varies widely, ranging from the classic cholinergic syndrome to flaccid paralysis and status epilepticus. All nerve agents are capable of producing marked neuropathology. Seizure control is strongly associated with protection against acute lethality and brain pathology.
Christopher P, Holstege +1 more
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Nerve Agents: A Comprehensive Review
Journal of Intensive Care Medicine, 2004Nerve agents are perhaps the most feared of potential agents of chemical attack. The authors review the history, physical characteristics, pharmacology, clinical effects, and treatment of these agents.
Sage W, Wiener, Robert S, Hoffman
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Inhalational exposure to nerve agents
Respiratory Care Clinics, 2004The respiratory system plays a major role in the pathogenesis of nerve agent toxicity. It is the major route of entry and absorption of nerve agent vapor, and respiratory failure is the most common cause of death follow-ing exposure. Respiratory symptoms are mediated by chemical irritation,muscarinic and nicotinic receptor overstimulation, and central ...
Alexander S, Niven, Stuart A, Roop
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After Salisbury Nerve Agents Revisited
Molecular Informatics, 2018AbstractIn March 2018 the term Novichok (Hoвичoκ) became publically known following an attempted murder of a former Russian spy in Salisbury, UK. Novichok is the name of a group of nerve agents secretly produced by Russia in the later stages of the Cold War.
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