Results 61 to 70 of about 543,949 (257)

Fast estimation of patient‐specific organ doses from abdomen and head CT examinations without segmenting internal organs using machine learning models

Precision Radiation Oncology
Background Computed Tomography (CT) imaging is essential for disease detection but carries a risk of cancer due to X‐ray exposure. Typically, assessing this risk requires segmentation of the internal organ contours to predict organ doses, which hinders ...
Wencheng Shao, Liangyong Qu, Xin Lin, Ying Huang, Weihai Zhuo, Haikuan Liu   +5 more
doaj   +1 more source

Monte Carlo quantification of organ doses and risks in chest X-ray projections

Advances in Biomedical and Health Sciences
Background: X-ray imaging is a pivotal diagnostic tool that poses health risks from absorbed radiation doses. This study aimed to determine the variation in the effective dose between posterior–anterior (PA) and anterior–posterior (AP) projections and ...
Hussein M. Elmehdi, Krithikadevi Ramachandran, Mohamed M. Abuzaid, Wiam Elshami   +3 more
doaj   +1 more source

Liver organoids: modelling complexity in homeostasis and disease

FEBS Letters, EarlyView.
Studying liver in vitro has been challenging because simple 2D cell cultures fail to capture liver's cellular and architectural complexity. To bridge this gap, scientists increasingly use organoids, 3D liver models which better mimic liver composition and function. This review examines recent advances in liver organoid complexity and realism, discusses
Anna M. Dowbaj, Meritxell Huch
wiley   +1 more source

Patient doses in image-guided radiotherapy: status in Europe for cone-beam CT imaging in the pelvic region

Radiology and Oncology
Organ absorbed doses in cone-beam CT (CBCT) imaging are often neglected in image-guided radiation therapy (IGRT). However, frequent imaging for patient positioning can result in significant and unrecorded additional radiation exposure. This study aims to
Kansanoja Toni, Brovchuk Serhii, Vezirovic Milana, Petrovic Borislava, Amico Antonio Giuseppe, Sapignoli Sonia, Paiusco Marta, Ferrari Paolo, Sá Ana Cravo, Dias Anabela G, Teles Pedro, Siiskonen Teemu   +11 more
doaj   +1 more source

Effective radiation dose of a MSCT, two CBCT and one conventional radiography device in the ankle region

Journal of Foot and Ankle Research, 2015
Background The aim of this study was to assess and compare the effective doses (ICRP 103) in the ankle region of X‐ray imaging resulting from a multi slice computed tomography (MSCT) device, two cone beam CT (CBCT) devices and one conventional x‐ray ...
Juha Koivisto, Timo Kiljunen, Nils Kadesjö, Xie‐Qi Shi, Jan Wolff   +4 more
doaj   +1 more source

Autophagy and mitophagy in pancreatic β‐cell homeostasis and their involvement in diabetes pathophysiology

FEBS Letters, EarlyView.
This review focuses on the role of autophagy and mitophagy in maintaining pancreatic β‐cell function and homeostasis. We discuss how genetic defects affecting these pathways contribute to the development of type 1, type 2, monogenic, and gestational diabetes. We further explore their potential as therapeutic targets. Created in BioRender.
Yunkyeong Lee, Mingming Tong, Anna L. Gloyn   +2 more
wiley   +1 more source

Organ absorbed doses in intraoral dental radiography

The British Journal of Radiology, 1993
We thank Dr Ramsey for the interest shown in our article and welcome the opportunity to reply. There are two principal types of distortion in projection radiography: image size distortion and image shape distortion. Image size distortion results from a gross magnification of the image, such that the proportions of the image are ...
A R, Lecomber, K, Faulkner
openaire   +2 more sources

L‐aspartate oxidase provides new insights into fumarate reduction in anaerobic darkness in Synechocystis sp. PCC6803

FEBS Letters, EarlyView.
Synechocystis strains deficient in succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) secrete more succinate than the WT under dark anaerobic conditions, supporting that SDH then primarily acts as SDH, not as a fumarate reductase. L‐aspartate oxidase (Laspo) from Synechocystis is functional under anaerobic conditions, reducing fumarate to succinate.
Kateryna Kukil, Jeffrey A. Hawkes, Cecilia Blikstad, Pia Lindberg   +3 more
wiley   +1 more source

Radiation Dose Assessment in Diagnostic Imaging Using Thermoluminescent Dosimeter-100H Dosimeters and a RANDO Phantom: Insights from Chest, Pelvic, and Skull Examinations

Journal of Medical Physics
Purpose: This study aims to evaluate radiation doses to the skin, pelvis, and skull during routine radiographic imaging procedures. Materials and Methods: Entrance skin dose (ESD) was assessed using both direct and indirect methods.
Sedigheh Sina, Shima Alizadeh, Sadegh Abbasipour, Mozhgan Dalir, Mohaddeseh Heydarinia, Fatemeh Norouzalizadeh, Mobarakeh Nasiri, Mohammad Hossein Sadeghi, Kazem Sadeghi Ebrahim Mohammadi, Elnaz Saeedian, Minoo Shakerian, Mahboobeh Sheiki   +11 more
doaj   +1 more source

The heterodimeric amino acid transporters (HAT) of the SLC7/SLC3 family: A structure−function relationships and relevance to human pathology

FEBS Letters, EarlyView.
Heterodimeric amino acid transporters consist of SLC7 and SLC3 family proteins arranged in a conserved structural organization. They regulate nutrient transport across cell membranes, supporting essential cellular functions. These transporters also contribute to xenobiotic/drug uptake and distribution.
Mariafrancesca Scalise, Tiziano Mazza, Raffaella Scanga, Lara Console, Michele Galluccio, Cesare Indiveri   +5 more
wiley   +1 more source