Results 231 to 240 of about 263,809 (288)
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Penalty functions with a small penalty parameter
Optimization Methods and Software, 2002In this article, we study the nonlinear penalization of a constrained optimization problem and show that the least exact penalty parameter of an equivalent parametric optimization problem can be diminished. We apply the theory of increasing positively homogeneous (IPH) functions so as to derive a simple formula for computing the least exact penalty ...
A M Rubinov, X Q Yang, A M Bagirov
exaly +2 more sources
2022
The Elgar Encyclopedia of Human Rights is the most comprehensive reference work in the field of international human rights protection. Comprising over 340 entries, presented alphabetically, and available online and in print, the Encyclopedia addresses the full range of themes associated with the study and practice of human rights in the modern world ...
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The Elgar Encyclopedia of Human Rights is the most comprehensive reference work in the field of international human rights protection. Comprising over 340 entries, presented alphabetically, and available online and in print, the Encyclopedia addresses the full range of themes associated with the study and practice of human rights in the modern world ...
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SSRN Electronic Journal
The motherhood penalty is well-documented, but what happens at the other end of the reproductive spectrum? Menopause—a transition often marked by debilitating physical and psychological symptoms—also entails substantial costs. Using population-wide Norwegian and Swedish data and quasi-experimental methods, we show that a menopause diagnosis leads to ...
Gabriella Conti +3 more
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The motherhood penalty is well-documented, but what happens at the other end of the reproductive spectrum? Menopause—a transition often marked by debilitating physical and psychological symptoms—also entails substantial costs. Using population-wide Norwegian and Swedish data and quasi-experimental methods, we show that a menopause diagnosis leads to ...
Gabriella Conti +3 more
openaire +5 more sources
Material penalty or psychological penalty? The motherhood penalty in academic libraries in China
The Journal of Academic Librarianship, 2021Abstract Wage differences and career development limitations faced by working mothers are often termed the motherhood penalty. However, little is known about the nature or extent of such penalty in Chinese academic libraries in the wake of rapid economic and social changes. Using a sample of 450 respondents from Chinese academic libraries, this study
Xin Bao, Ping Ke, Jie Wang, Liang Peng
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The Scandinavian Journal of Economics, 2018
AbstractTo control sequential public bad productions under imperfect monitoring, this paper proposes a penalty lottery: a violator passes the responsibility of the fine to the next potential violator with some probability and pays all the accumulated fines with the complementary probability.
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AbstractTo control sequential public bad productions under imperfect monitoring, this paper proposes a penalty lottery: a violator passes the responsibility of the fine to the next potential violator with some probability and pays all the accumulated fines with the complementary probability.
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Journal of Scientific Computing, 2011
zbMATH Open Web Interface contents unavailable due to conflicting licenses.
Qingshan Chen +2 more
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zbMATH Open Web Interface contents unavailable due to conflicting licenses.
Qingshan Chen +2 more
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SSRN Electronic Journal
Looking at the earnings profiles of men and women after their first child is born, a number of studies establish that women suffer a larger penalty in earnings than men–a child penalty. Leveraging randomness in the sex of the first birth, we show that the child penalty in the UK is larger when the first born child is a girl.
Bhalotra, Sonia +2 more
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Looking at the earnings profiles of men and women after their first child is born, a number of studies establish that women suffer a larger penalty in earnings than men–a child penalty. Leveraging randomness in the sex of the first birth, we show that the child penalty in the UK is larger when the first born child is a girl.
Bhalotra, Sonia +2 more
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The Penalty of Professionalism
JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association, 1969As physicians, all of us are well aware and justifiably proud of the advantages of being members of our profession. The conscientious physician probably gets more downright satisfaction out of his work than members of any other field. He also receives more respect and admiration from his fellowman. The reason for both—his personal satisfaction and the
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