Mediation Analyses for the Effect of Antibodies in Vaccination [PDF]
Journal of Causal Inference, 2024, 12:20220043, 2022 We review standard mediation assumptions as they apply to identifying antibody effects in a randomized vaccine trial and propose new study designs to allow identification of an estimand that was previously unidentifiable. For these mediation analyses, we partition the total ratio effect (one minus the vaccine effect) from a randomized vaccine trial ...
arxiv +1 more source
Relieving pain using dose-extending placebos [PDF]
, 2016 Placebos are often used by clinicians, usually deceptively and with little rationale or evidence of benefit, making their use ethically problematic. In contrast with their typical current use, a provocative line of research suggests that placebos can be ...
Colloca, Luana +2 more
core +1 more source
When a placebo is not a ‘placebo’: a placebo effect on postprandial glycaemia [PDF]
British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, 2007 What is already known about this subject • Although placebo effects have been shown on subjective continuous variables such as pain, placebo effects on objective continuous variables remain uncertain.• The present, pilot, follow‐up investigation represents the first to assess a placebo effect on the objective continuous measurement of acute ...
Vladimir Vuksan +3 more
openaire +3 more sources
Why do open-label placebos work? A randomized controlled trial of an open-label placebo induction with and without extended information about the placebo effect in allergic rhinitis. [PDF]
PLoS ONE, 2018 Several studies demonstrated that placebo treatment may have a significant impact on many different symptoms. While in the traditional view concealment of the placebo is essential, recent studies report intriguing evidence that placebos may work even ...
Michael Schaefer +2 more
doaj +1 more source
Are Sham Acupuncture Interventions More Effective than (Other) Placebos? A Re-Analysis of Data from the Cochrane Review on Placebo Effects [PDF]
, 2010 Background and Objective: A recent Cochrane review on placebo interventions for all kinds of conditions found that `physical placebos' (which included sham acupuncture) were associated with larger effects over no-treatment control groups than ...
Linde, Klaus +2 more
core +1 more source
Different Placebos, Different Mechanisms, Different Outcomes: Lessons for Clinical Trials. [PDF]
PLoS ONE, 2015 Clinical trials use placebos with the assumption that they are inert, thus all placebos are considered to be equal. Here we show that this assumption is wrong and that different placebo procedures are associated to different therapeutic rituals which, in
Fabrizio Benedetti, Sara Dogue
doaj +1 more source
Unethical informed consent caused by overlooking poorly measured nocebo effects [PDF]
, 2020 Unlike its friendly cousin the placebo effect, the nocebo effect (the effect of expecting a negative outcome) has been almost ignored. Epistemic and ethical confusions related to its existence have gone all but unnoticed.
Howick, Jeremy
core +1 more source
BMC Psychiatry, 2020 Background The issue of unblinded outcome-assessors and patients has repeatedly been stressed as a flaw in allegedly double-blind antidepressant trials. Unblinding bias can for example result from a drug‘s marked side effects.
Lisa Holper, Michael P. Hengartner
doaj +1 more source
Placebo Trends across the Border: US versus Canada. [PDF]
PLoS ONE, 2015 Physicians around the world report to using placebos in a variety of situations and with varying degrees of frequency. Inconsistent methodologies, however, complicate interpretation and prevent direct comparisons across studies.
Cory S Harris +2 more
doaj +1 more source