PPADS: an antagonist at endothelial P2Y‐purinoceptors but not P2U‐purinoceptors [PDF]
British Journal of Pharmacology, 1995 Bovine aortic endothelial (BAE) cells contain two co‐existing receptors for extracellular ATP, the P2Yand P2U‐purinoceptors. Here we have determined whether the proposed P2x‐purinoceptor antagonist, pyridoxalphosphate‐6‐azophenyl‐2″, 4″‐disulphonic acid (PPADS) could distinguish between these two receptor subtypes.Cells labelled withmyo‐[2‐3H]‐inositol
Colin B. Brown +2 more
semanticscholar +5 more sources
Actions of a series of PPADS analogs at P2X1 and P2X3 receptors [PDF]
Drug Development Research, 2001 AbstractSeven PPADS (Pyridoxal‐5′‐Phosphate 6‐Azophenyl 2′,4′‐DiSulfonate) analogs were investigated at Group 1 P2X receptors expressed in Xenopus oocytes. All seven analogs potently inhibited P2X1 (IC50 range, 5–32 nM) and P2X3 (IC50 range, 22–345 nM), the two Group I P2X receptor subtypes.
Sean G. Brown +5 more
semanticscholar +4 more sources
PPADS and suramin as antagonists at cloned P2Y‐ and P2U‐purinoceptors [PDF]
British Journal of Pharmacology, 1996 The effect of suramin and pyridoxalphosphate‐6‐azophenyl‐2′,4′‐disulphonic acid (PPADS) on the stimulation of phospholipase C in 1321N1 cells transfected with the human P2U‐purinoceptor (h‐P2U‐1321N1 cells) or with the turkey P2Y‐purinoceptor (t‐P2Y‐1321N1 cells) was investigated. 2‐Methylthioadenosine triphosphate (2MeSATP) was used as the agonist at
Steven J. Charlton +5 more
semanticscholar +4 more sources
Extracellular ATP triggers proteolysis and cytosolic Ca2+ rise in
Malaria Journal, 2012 Background Plasmodium has a complex cell biology and it is essential to dissect the cell-signalling pathways underlying its survival within the host. Methods Using the fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) peptide substrate Abz-AIKFFARQ-EDDnp and
Cruz Laura +6 more
doaj +6 more sources
The Complexity of Gradient Descent: CLS = PPAD ∩ PLS [PDF]
Journal of the ACM, 2022 We study search problems that can be solved by performing Gradient Descent on a bounded convex polytopal domain and show that this class is equal to the intersection of two well-known classes: PPAD and PLS. As our main underlying technical contribution, we show that computing a Karush-Kuhn-Tucker (KKT) point of a continuously ...
John Fearnley +3 more
openalex +7 more sources
Pharmacological Research, 2001 The effects of the P(2)-purinoceptor antagonist pyridoxal-phosphate-6-azophenyl- 2('),4(')- disulphonic acid (PPADS), the nitric oxide (NO) synthase inhibitor N(G)-nitro- l -arginine (l -NOARG), the K(+)-channel blocker apamin, the pituitary adenylate ...
Barnabás Rózsai +3 more
openalex +2 more sources
PEEP INDUCED Ppad-PlaGRADIENT [PDF]
Anesthesiology, 1979 E. A. Meathe +4 more
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The Hairy Ball problem is PPAD-complete [PDF]
Journal of Computer and System Sciences, 2021 The Hairy Ball Theorem states that every continuous tangent vector field on an even-dimensional sphere must have a zero. We prove that the associated computational problem of (a) computing an approximate zero is PPAD-complete, and (b) computing an exact zero is FIXP-hard.
Paul W. Goldberg, Alexandros Hollender
openalex +8 more sources
A survey of PPAD-completeness for computing Nash equilibria [PDF]
, 2011 32 pages, 10 figures, 23rd British Combinatorial ...
Paul W. Goldberg
+8 more sources
Vasoconstrictor and vasodilator responses to various agonists in the rat perfused mesenteric arterial bed: selective inhibition by PPADS of contractions mediated via P2x‐purinoceptors [PDF]
British Journal of Pharmacology, 1994 Ursula Windscheif +5 more
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